ChinJNervMentDisVol.49，No.7Jul.2023老年期精神障碍患者谵妄识别及管理策略研究进展☆黄诚*苏丽明*卫珠琴*陈海勤△王丽娜*☆【摘要】谵妄在老年期精神障碍患者中发生率高，并增加死亡风险。然而，老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的发生未被充分认识且被严重低估。本文从老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的影响因素、评估方法及管理策略等方面进行综述，发现个体特征、精神疾病与其他健康问题、心理社会因素及医源性因素等是老年期精神障碍患者谵妄发生的关联因素；老年期精神障碍患者谵妄需与痴呆、抑郁障碍、双相障碍等疾病进行鉴别；早期识别及多因素综合管理策略对于谵妄防治具有积极影响。【关键词】老年精神障碍谵妄影响因素评估抗精神病药物治疗【中图分类号】R749.99【文献标识码】ATheresearchadvancesinrecognitionandmanagementofdeliriuminsenilementaldisorders.HUANGCheng,SULiming,WEIZhuqin,CHENHaiqin,WANGLina.SchoolofMedicine,HuzhouUniversity,Huzhou313000,China.Tel:0572-2232573.【Abstract】Deliriumisaneuropsychiatricsyndromethatoccursatahighrateinpatientswithmentaldisordersandexacerbatestheriskofmortalityinpatients.However,deliriuminpatientswithmentaldisordersisseriouslyunderrecognized.Thisreviewsummarizestheinfluencingfactors,assessmentmethodsandmanagementstrategiesofdeliriuminsenilementaldisorders.Thisreviewfoundthatindividualcharacteristics,mentalillnessandotherhealthproblems,psychosocialfactorsandmedicalfactorsareassociatedwiththeoccurrenceofdeliriumindisordersinsenilementaldisorders.Deliriuminpatientswithmentaldisordersneedstobedifferentiatedfromdementia,depressivedisordersandbipolardisorders;earlyrecognitionandintegratedmultifactorialmanagementstrategieshaveapositiveimpactondeliriummanagement.【Keywords】OlderadultsMentaldisordersDeliriumInfluencingfactorsAssessmentAntipsychoticagentsTreatment谵妄是躯体疾病、物质中毒、戒断或多种原因的直接生理结果，以意识和注意力障碍突然发作和短暂损害为主要特征，病程波动，常伴有连续性的认知和行为障碍[1-2]。老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的发生率高达19%[3]，且谵妄与死亡风险密切相关[4]。老年期精神障碍患者谵妄的核心特征是精神状态急性改变、注意力障碍、定向障碍、认知功能进一步减退；谵妄不仅与精神疾病共...
