实验报告勾天杭PB05210273实验题目：用气垫导轨测匀变速直线运动的加速度、重力加速度，验证牛顿第二定律。实验目的、原理：见预习报告数据处理：（1）匀变速运动中速度与加速度的测量表一：各长度n次h(cm)L(cm)s1(cm)s2(cm)s(cm)11.51086.151.5500.5361.01421.50086.101.5520.5401.01231.50086.151.5480.5401.008平均值1.50386.131.5500.5391.011sinθ=1.503/86.13=0.01745表二：光电计时器数据s(cm)Δt1(ms)Δt2(ms)Δt3(ms)Δ(ms)2038.1038.1838.1038.133031.3231.2831.2731.294027.2027.2627.2727.245024.3324.3624.3524.356022.3422.3422.3322.34将上述数据输入计算机，算得a=0.1726m/s2;g=9.896m/s2;d(a)=0.1与g(=9.7947)的相对真值比较,相对误差2s(m)0.40.60.81.01.2V(m/s)0.26510.32310.37110.41520.4526V20.0702780.104390.13770.172390.20485图线LinearRegressionforData1_B:Y=A+B*XParameterValueError------------------------------------------------------------A0.003067.5402E-4B0.168578.88621E-4------------------------------------------------------------RSDNP------------------------------------------------------------0.999965.62014E-45<0.0001------------------------------------------------------------由图象可得a=0.16857m/s2；g=a/sinθ=9.66m/s2误差来源：调平导轨时，导轨不可能绝对水平；释放滑块时，滑块可能会有一定初速度；气垫导轨与滑块间存在摩擦；测量各长度时读数的误差；环境因素的影响；等（2）验证牛顿第二定律表一：滑块的质量123平均值M0（g）322.5322.6322.4322.5表二：光电计时器数据盘+码Δt1(ms)Δt2(ms)Δt3(ms)平均值(ms)6.0g24.9624.9924.9224.95711.0g18.3418.3418.3518.34316.0g15.2215.2015.2115.21021.0g13.2413.2013.2213.22026.0g11.8911.9111.9211.907M总=m0+m1+mn+mem1=1g,mn=25g,me=0.3g所以m总=348.8g利用（1）中测得的重力加速度，F=（m盘＋m码）g力F(N)59.376108.856158.336207.816257.296速度v(m/s)0.40510.55120.66470.76480.8491加速度a(m/s2)0.17020.31210.45390.59580.7377LinearRegressionforData1_B:Y=A+B*XParameterValueError------------------------------------------------------------A0.015350.0122B348.770.02458------------------------------------------------------------RSDNP------------------------------------------------------------10.0...
