Unit4FindingyourwaysStudyskillszebracrossinggostraightonturnrightturnleftcrossroadstrafficlightsJingyuanNorthRoadGanquanWestRoadDoliangRoadnortheastsouthwestnorth-eastsouth-eastsouth-westnorth-west•英语中声调的升高和降低，构成了语调，语调是句子的语音特征。•语调可以使话语的含义明确而完整。英语语调的作用主要表现在两个方面，一是说明句子中单词或意群之间的语法关系，二是表明说话人的态度和感情。英语的语调语调的类型•英语的语调有降调、升调、升降调和降升调等。这里主要讲降调和升调•降调是英语中最常见的音调变化，表示确定和完整，主要用于陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句和感叹句等句子中。降调的特点是从句子的第一个重读音节开始到句子的结束，声调采取逐步降低的趋势，形成音调的阶梯下降情况。例如：•Johnswims↘well•Wheredoyou↘live?•Listentothe↘teacher.•HowhappyI↘am!•升调是英语中又一个常用的音调，表示不确定和不完整。表示一句话还没有说完或者征求别人的意见。升调一般用于一句话的开头、一般疑问句的结尾和选择疑问句的结尾。例如：•Afterthis↗month,Iwillwork•Isshe↗busy?•Areyoua↗studentorateacher?Whenwespeak,wedropourtoneattheendofastatement.Thereisapathbetweenthehill.Pandasarecute.Whenweaskayes/no,ourtonerisesattheendofthequestion.Arethereanylions?Isthezoofarawayfromourschool?Whenweaskawh-question,ourtoneusuallyfallsattheendofthequestion.Whatcanyouseeacrossthebridge?HowdoIgetthere?Wemakeourtoneriseattheendofasentencetoshowsurprise.A:Thezooisaboutthreekilometresawayfromourschool?B:Threekilometres.Millie:Hi,Sandy.TomorrowisSaturday.Wouldyouliketogoandseeafilm?Sandy:Yes,I'dliketo.Whichcinemadoyouwanttogoto?Millie:TheoneatSunshineShoppingMall.Sandy:SunshineShoppingMall?Millie:Sure.Wecangoshoppingtheretoo.Sandy:Goodidea.Whenshallwemeet?Millie:Is2p.m.OK?Sandy:Allright.Seeyouthen.
