第41卷第1期2024年2月文章编号：1000-4939(2024)01-0077-13应用力学学报ChineseJournalofAppliedMechanicsVol.41No.1Feb.2024高速列车追尾碰撞时乘员头颈部损伤力学响应与风险评估于振浩，敬霖，黄志辉（西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，610031成都）摘要：基于代表我国50th百分位男性人体特征的假人模型，构建了列车-假人一体化被动安全性仿真分析有限元模型，分析了列车追尾碰撞过程中乘员的运动姿态，探讨了乘员头/颈部的生物力学响应特征，揭示了座椅排次对乘员头/颈部损伤响应的影响机制，建立了基于生物力学参数的乘员头/颈部损伤风险预测模型。结果表明：追尾列车中乘员面部与前排座椅的碰撞接触可能会引起原发性脑干损伤，乘员颈部前/后弯曲均会导致下颈部颈椎出现较大应力，而颈部前/后弯曲分别导致上颈部和下颈部椎间盘出现较大应力；现有标准中规定的N,耐受限值会显著低估列车追尾碰撞中乘员颈部的损伤情况。关键词：高速列车；追尾碰撞；全体段缩放方法；力学响应；损伤评估中图分类号：U270Mechanicalresponseandriskassessmentofheadandneckinjuryinhigh-speedtrainrear-endcollision(StateKeyLaboratoryofRailTransitVehicleSystem,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,610031Chengdu,China)Abstract:Afiniteelementmodelfortrain-dummyintegratedpassivesafetysimulationanalysiswasconstructedbasedonthedummymodelrepresentingthemalehumancharacteristicsof50thpercentileinChina.Theatitudechangesofoccupantsduringtraincollisionswereanalyzed,andthemechanicalresponsecharacteristicsoftheheadandneckofoccupantswereexplored.Theinfluencemechanismofseatalignmentonoccupants'headandneckinjuryresponsewasalsorevealed,andaninjuryriskpredictionmodelbasedonheadandneckbiomechanicalinjuryparameterswasdeveloped.Theresultsshowthatthecollisionbetweentheoccupant'sfaceandthefrontseatmaycauseprimarybrainsteminjury.Thefrontandbackcurvatureoftheoccupant'sneckwillleadtothegreaterstressinthelowerneckcervicalspine,anditwillalsoleadtothegreaterstressintheintervertebraldiscofupperandlowernecks,respectively.TheN;tolerancelimitspecifiedinthecurrentstandardwillsignificantlyunderestimatetheneckinjuriessufferedbyoccupantsinrear-endtraincollisions.收稿日期：2023-06-27基金项目：国家...
