Grammar语法2020春A+单元指引Unit6一、一般过去时：过去发生的动作或存在的状态1.基本结构①肯定句：主语+didWearrivedbyplaneonMonday.②否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形PaulandIdidn’tplaytennisyesterday.③一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形…?Didyouplaytennisyesterday?2.时间标志词：yesterday系列，last系列，ago系列，过去时间---Wheredidyougolastnight?---Iwenttothecinema.PaulandIdidn’tplaytennisyesterday.---Whatdidyoudoforyourmomonherbirthday?---Iboughtherabirthdaycake.Ihadapicnicwithmybrotherthreedaysago.3.动作过去式的规则变化①动词后加ed：clean–cleaned,watch–watched②以e结尾的动词，去e加ed：hope–hoped,move–moved③重读闭音节，双写尾字母再加ed：stop–stopped,drop–dropped④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y变ied：study–studied,cry–cried⑤以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接加ed：play–played,stay–stayed4.动词过去式的不规则变化（参加不规则变化表）二、过去进行时：过去某个特定时间正在发生的动作1.基本构成：was/weredoing2.时间标志词：thistime+过去时间，atthe/thattime，精确时间+过去时间Becausethedriverwastalkingonthephoneatthetime.Hewasreadingabookatthetime.Jennywascookinginthekitchenwhenyoucalledherat5:00thisafternoon.3.根据上下文可知用过去进行时---DidyouwatchthefootballmatchonTVlastnight?---Iwantedto,butmymotherwaswatchingherfavoriteTVprogramme.---Whatwereyoudoingwhenwewereplayingbasketballyesterdayafternoon?---Iwascleaningtheclassroom三、现在完成时：动作开始于过去，对现在产生影响1.基本结构：have/hasdone2.时间标志词：just,ever,never,already,yet,for,since①already用于肯定句，通常用于句中；yet用于否定句或疑问句，用于句尾Ihavealreadyfinishedthehomework.Shehasn’treturnedthedictionarytoAliceyet.②for+时间段；since+时间点Ihaveusedthismobilephoneforfiveyears.Wehavebeenfriendssince2010.3.have/hasbeento&have/hasgoneto①have/hasbeento：去过某地（已回）IhavebeentoYangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.②have/hasgoneto：去了某地（未回）---WhereisJim?Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.---HehasgonetoLondonwithhisfamily.四、现在完成时&一般过去时---Haveyoueverseenthatmovie?---Yes,Isawitthreedaysago.Reading精读【college】①college学院②university综合性大学【accident】①acaraccident车祸②byaccident偶然地；意外地【improve】n.improvement【drop】①drop–dropped–dropped–dropping②n.一滴(adropofwater/rain)【coach】①n.教练；四轮马车②v.训练③acoachstation长途汽车站【wheelchair】inawheelchair【shadow】shadow指“影子”；shade指“阴凉处”【join】①joinin用法比较灵活，既可指参加一群人的活动(口语中常用)，也可以指加入某个组织②takepartin指参加某一活动并发挥作用
