近代来华传教士雒魏林对《种痘法》的翻译及原因分析*李计筹1郭强1摘要：《种痘法》是中国人痘术理论技术经验的结晶，被多位近代来华传教士翻译成英文传至西方，尤其以雒魏林的译本最为完整，虽然其译本存在错译、漏译现象，但对该书完整地传至西方贡献很大。雒魏林翻译该书的原因有三：一是中医对天花的病因病机认识深刻且治疗规范成熟；二是部分种痘法则契合现代西医理念；三是希望通过种痘慈善活动开拓医疗传教事业。《种痘法》是19世纪初来华新教传教士翻译的中医著作的代表，反映了在近代西医东渐过程中，中医并非只是单一受西方医学影响的对象，某些传统中医的理论和技术同样具有超前性和现代性，对当时世界医学的发展做出了重要贡献。关键词：《种痘法》，天花，人痘术，传教士，翻译中图分类号：R-09文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-0772(2024)08-0074-04DOI：10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2024.08.19TheTranslationof"InoculationforSmallpox"byMissionaryWilliamLockhartWhoCametoChinainModernTimesandtheReasonAnalysisofHisTranslationLIJichou1,GUOQiang1．1.SchoolofBasicMedicine,GuangzhouUniversityofChineseMedicine,Guangzhou510006,ChinaAbstract："InoculationforSmallpox"istheculminationofChinesesmallpoxtheory,technique,andexperience.ItwastranslatedintoEnglishbymanymissionarieswhocametoChinainmoderntimesanddisseminatedtotheWest,withWilliamLockhart'stranslationbeingthemostcomprehensive.Althoughtherewereerrorsandomissionsinhistranslation,hehadmadeagreatcontributiontothecompletetransmissionofthebooktotheWest.TherearethreereasonswhyWilliamLockharttranslatedthisbook:firstly,TraditionalChineseMedicinehasaprofoundunderstandingoftheetiologyandpathology,andtreatmentofsmallpox;secondly,someoftheinoculationrulesinthebookarealignedwithmodernwesternmedicineconcepts;thirdly,hehopedtodevelopmedicalmissionarycareersthroughcharitablevaccinationactivities.The"InoculationforSmallpox"wasarepresentativeofthetranslationofChinesemedicalworksbyProtestantmissionariesinChinaintheearly19thcentury,reflectingthatduringthewesternizationofmedicine,TraditionalChineseMedicinewasnotmerelyinfluencedbywesternmedicinebutalsohadforward-lookingandmodernaspects.Ithadanimpacto...
