粉笔教师教育粉笔教师2020全国教招英语学科词法5主讲：慕伊2.不可变为被动语态的情况①不及物动词没有被动语态。常见动词是：takeplace,happen,last,prove,turnout等。Thenewsproved/turnedouttrue.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.②感官动词：look,smell,taste,sound,feel,等。Theapplestastegood.Theflowersmellswonderful.Cottonfeelssoft.【注】使役动词和感官动词的被动语态在make,let,have等使役动词和see,watch,notice,hear,feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to；（make/hearsb.dosth.）但此类句子变为被动句时，不定式必须保留to。如：Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom.Sheisoftenheardtosingthesong.2.不可变为被动语态的情况③希望类动词没有被动语态：（wish,hope）Iwishyouagoodjourney.④状态类谓语动词没有被动语态：（have,own,contain,last.）Thisroomcanholdonehundredpeople.⑤反身或相互代词：Weshouldhelpeachother.⑥同源宾语没有被动语态：Idreamedagooddreamlastnight.⑦当宾语是主语身体一部分的时候，没有被动：Icutmyfingerthismorning.P57√•Itissaidthat…据说•Itisreportedthat…据报道•Itisbelievedthat…大家相信•Itishopedthat…大家希望•Itiswellknownthat…众所周知•Itisthoughtthat…大家认为•Itissuggestedthat…据建议•Itistakengrantedthat…被视为理所当然•Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家决定•Itmustberememberedthat…务必记住的是•Itmustbeadmittedthat必须承认的是汉语中的无主语二、情态动词1.特别关注的用法①can&could表示许可回答时：给予别人许可时，只能用can/can’t【例】—Can/CouldIgonow?（表请求）—Yes,youcan.（表允许）may也可表示请求许可【例】—May/MightIsithere?肯定回答：—Yes,youmay/can；否定回答：—No,youcan’t/mustn’t.注意：cannot（never）与too、enough、more连用表示再怎么也不过分.1.特别关注的用法②must（主观要求）&haveto（客观必须）•在回答must的一般疑问句时，否定式常用needn’t或don’thaveto【例】—MustIgonow？—No，youneedn't/don'thaveto.•表示不愉快、不受欢迎的巧合【例】Thecarmustbreakdownjustwewerestartingourholidays.•表示固执【例】Mustyoumakesomuchnoise?补充：1.特别关注的用法③should&oughtto•应该;本该（含有责备意味）【例】Youshouldhavetoldmesobefore.•竟然，居然（惊讶）【例】Whyshouldyoubes...
