2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblackandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethathas__1__acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybepreserved__2__bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly__3__?Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta__4__tomaketheWebasaferplace----a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech__5__ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled__6__one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential__7__toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto__8__afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Usercould__9__whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense__10__bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto__11__justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.__12__,theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”incyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa__13__community.Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhich“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith__14__,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure__15__whichthetransactionruns”.Still,theadministration’splanhas__16__privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould__17__beacompulsoryInternet“driver’slicense”mentality.Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith__18__bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet__19__.TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe__20__toregi...
