·城市生态保护·城市垃圾分类处理的经济效益与空间优化效益王永超1,林天润1,刘畅2(1.辽宁大学公共管理学院,沈阳110136;2.东北大学文法学院,沈阳110169)摘要:我国快速城市化的过程中,城市人口迅速集聚,垃圾产量急剧上升,解决“垃圾围城”的现实问题成为大部分城市环境治理中的重点,化解垃圾分类处理难题成为环保研究的热点。自2017年生活垃圾分类政策推行以来,我国垃圾治理从减量化阶段迈向资源化阶段。在政策实施过程中,老城区逐渐暴露出垃圾收集设施不能满足居民需求,垃圾中转设施污染严重等问题。基于这一现实问题,以城区面积较大、城市更新较慢的沈阳市中心城区为例,核算沈阳市垃圾分类治理后产生的各种效益。利用空间网络分析和选址分析,对沈阳市中心城区垃圾处理站进行优化,使站点建设数量大大降低,服务覆盖范围大幅提升。最后,从源头分类、产业发展和空间优化3方面提出对策。关键词:基层空间;垃圾分类;经济效应;空间优化中图分类号:X799.3文献标志码:ADOI:10.16803/j.cnki.issn.1004−6216.2022080026EconomicandspaceoptimizationbenefitsofmunicipalwasteclassificationanddisposalWANGYongchao1,LINTianrun1,LIUChang2(1.SchoolofPublicManagementLiaoningUniversity,Shenyang110136,China;2.SchoolofHumanitiesandLawNortheasternUniversity,Shenyang110169,China)Abstract:DuringtherapidurbanizationinChina,theurbanpopulationisgatheringrapidly,andthegarbagehasrisensharply.Ithasbecomethefocusofurbanenvironmentalmanagementtosolvethepracticalproblemof"garbageencirclingthecity",andgarbageclassificationhasbecomeahottopicofenvironmentalprotectionresearch.Sincetheimplementationofthehouseholdgarbageclassificationpolicyin2017,wastemanagementinChinahasmovedfromthereductionstagetotheresourcestage.Intheprocessofpolicyimplementation,theoldcitygraduallyshowedasituationthatgarbagecollectionfacilitiescouldn'tmeettheneedsofresidents,andwastetransferfacilitieswereseriouslypolluted.Basedonthispracticalproblem,takingthecentralcityofShenyangwithalargeurbanareaandaslowurbanrenewalrateasanexample,thevariousbenefitsofgarbageclassificationandtreatmentinShenyangwerecalculated.Thespatialnetworkanalysisandsiteselectionanalysiswereusedtooptimizeth...