Designation:F1291−16StandardTestMethodforMeasuringtheThermalInsulationofClothingUsingaHeatedManikin1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1291;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.INTRODUCTIONThetypeofclothingwornbypeopledirectlyaffectstheheatexchangebetweenthehumanbodyandtheenvironment.Theheattransferisbothsensible(conduction,convection,andradiation)andlatent(evaporation).Theinsulationprovidedbyaclothingensembleisdependentuponthedesignsandmaterialsusedinthecomponentgarments,theamountofbodysurfaceareacoveredbytheclothing,thedistributionofthelayersoverthebody,loosenessortightnessoffit,andtheincreasedsurfaceareaforheatloss.Insulationmeasurementsmadeonfabricsalonedonottakethesefactorsintoaccount.Measurementsoftheresistancetodryheatlossprovidedbyclothingcanbeusedtodeterminethethermalcomfortorstressofpeopleincoldtocomfortableenvironments(seePracticeF2732,ASHRAE55-2013,andISO7730:2005).However,themoisturepermeabilityofclothingismoreimportantinenvironmentalconditionswhereheatbalancecanonlybeachievedbytheevaporationofsweat.1.Scope1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheinsu-lationvalueofclothingensembles.Itdescribesthemeasure-mentoftheresistancetodryheattransferfromaheatedmanikintoarelativelycalm,coolenvironment.InformationonmeasuringthelocalthermalresistancevaluesforindividualgarmentsandensemblesisprovidedinAnnexA1.1.1.1Thisisastatictestthatprovidesabaselineclothingmeasurementonastandingmanikin.1.1.2Theeffectsofbodypositionandmovementarenotaddressedinthistestmethod.1.2Theinsulationvaluesobtainedapplyonlytothepar-ticularensemblesevaluatedandforthespecifiedenvironmen-talconditionsofeachtest,particularlywithrespecttoairmovement.1.3ThevaluesstatedineithercloorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunitsareshowninparentheses...
