Chapter22MolecularpropertiesofgasesJ.J.Thomsondiscoveredelectronsin1897.22-1Theatomicnatureofmatter(物质的原子本质)Rutherforddiscoveredthenatureofatomicnucleus.HewasathislabatMcGillUniv.in1905.In1828RobertBrownobservedthroughhismicroscopethattinygrainsofpollensuspendedinwaterunderwentceaselessrandommotion.Wenowcallthisphenomenon“Brownianmotion”.Themoderntrailtobeliefinatomscanbesaidtohavestartedin1828:theobservationofBrownianmotion.1.BrownianmotionSee动画库\力学夹\4-01布朗运动(I)Theidealgasconsistsofparticles,whichareinrandommotionandobeyNewton’sLawsofmotion.Theseparticlesare“atoms”or“molecules”.(II)Thetotalnumberofparticlesis“large”.Therateatwhi...
