硅磷配施对春玉米抗倒性及产量的影响周超1,王俊强1,韩业辉1,许健1,徐婷1,于运凯1,董扬1,丁昕颖2(1.黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔150000;2.黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔150000)摘要为探明最适硅磷配比对春玉米抗倒性及产量的影响,采用裂区试验设计,以磷肥施用量为主因素,硅肥施用量为副因素。结果表明,增施硅肥有助于提高玉米的穗长、穗粗、穗粒数和百粒重,从而提高籽粒产量。增加磷肥用量对穗长和行粒数的增加起到一定的作用,进而提高玉米产量;增施磷肥有增加玉米植株株高、穗位高和重心高的趋势,在A1和A2这2个磷水平下,硅磷配施处理下的平均穗位高和重心高分别较单施磷肥处理降低3.1%和0.6%,较A2B0降低2.0%和0.8%;随着硅肥施用量的增加,吐丝期和灌浆期的2种磷肥水平下各节间的穿刺强度呈先增后降的趋势。在该试验条件下,春玉米嫩单22推荐的高产抗倒磷肥施用量为45kg/hm2,硅肥施用量在90~150kg/hm2。关键词玉米;磷肥;硅肥;抗倒性;产量中图分类号S513文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2023)03-0156-03doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2023.03.035开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):EffectsofCombinedApplicationofSiliconandPhosphorusonLodgingResistanceandYieldofSpringMaizeZHOUChao,WANGJun-qiang,HANYe-huietal(QiqiharBranchofHeilongjiangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Qiqihar,Hei-longjiang150000)AbstractInordertofindouttheeffectoftheoptimumsilicon-phosphorusratioonthelodgingresistanceandyieldofspringmaize,thisstudyadoptedasplit-plottestdesign,withtheapplicationrateofphosphorusfertilizerasthemainfactorandtheapplicationamountofsiliconfertiliz-erasasecondaryfactor.Theresultsshowedthatincreasingtheapplicationofsiliconfertilizercouldhelptoincreasetheearlength,eardiame-ter,grainnumberperearand100-grainweightofmaize,therebyincreasingthegrainyield.Increasingtheamountofphosphatefertilizerhadacertaineffectontheincreaseofearlengthandrownumberofgrains,therebyimprovingcornyield;increasingphosphatefertilizerapplicationtendstoincreasetheplantheight,earheightandcenterofgravityheightofcornplants.Atthehorizontallevel,theaverageearheightandcenterofgravityheightunderthecombinedapplicationofsiliconandphosphorusdecreasedby3.1%and0.6%,respectively,...
