考研英语阅读历年真题长句1.TheAmericaneconomicsystemis,organizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.（定从）【分析】本句主干是TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganized，aroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomy是介词短语做状语。Inwhich引导定语从句修饰economy。其中consumers是主语，谓语动词determine后面接了一个what引导的宾语从句。thosegoodsandservices是并列结构做for的宾语，thattheywantmost是定语从句修饰前面的名词。【词汇】enterprise企业market-oriented以市场为导向[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。2.Thus,intheAmericaneconomicsystemitisthedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomes,thattogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.【分析】本句用Itis...that...句型构成的强调句。去掉强调句型即变为：thedemandofindividualconsumers,coupledwiththedesireofbusinessmentomaximizeprofitsandthedesireofindividualstomaximizetheirincomestogetherdeterminewhatshallbeproducedandhowresourcesareusedtoproduceit.what和how引导的是determine后面的宾语从句。【词汇】individualconsumers个体消费者maximize使...最大化determine决定[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。3.If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmoreconsumerstobuytheproduct.（定从）【分析】此句是If引导的条件状语从句，状语从句是：If,ontheotherhand,producingmoreofacommodityresultsinreducingitscost,主句是：thiswilltendtoincreasethesupplyofferedbyseller-producers,whichinturnwilllowerthepriceandpermitmore...
