61第52卷2024年4月Vol.52No.2Apr.2024云南电力技术YUNNANELECTRICPOWER输电线路激光融冰技术的应用现状及发展分析王帅,赵辉,姚登辉,李忠涛,代爱民(贵州电网有限责任公司铜仁供电局,贵州铜仁554300)摘要:输电线路覆冰会造成杆塔倒塌及电网线路坠断,是冬季电网运行的主要威胁,需要及时采取除冰或融冰措施,防止线路损坏。激光融冰无接触、速度快、能量传输及转换效率高,是一种新型高效的电网除冰方法。本文主要从能量吸收与分布的角度阐释了激光融冰的机理,基于比尔-兰博特定律分析了激光融冰过程中的能量转化,给出了冰层中心温度随时间的变化规律。同时,分析了波长、功率、光斑直径等参数对融冰效率的影响,总结了冰层的表面反射率、内部杂质的散射率和吸收率等因素共同影响下的激光能量耦合效率,为激光除冰设备评估和优化调控提供了理论基础。最后,介绍了激光融冰装置的研究现状,讨论了激光设备光源类型和光学系统设计。高功率激光器尤其光纤激光器性能的迅速发展使激光融冰在电网上的应用成为可能。关键词:激光;融冰;输电线路;覆冰ApplicationStatusandDevelopmentAnalysisofLaserIceMeltingTechnologyforTransmissionLinesWangShuai,ZhaoHui,YaoDenghui,LiZhongtao,DaiAimin(TongrenPowerSupplyBureau,GuizhouPowerGridCo.,Ltd.,Tongren554300,Guizhou,China)Abstract:Transmissionlineicingwillcausetowercollapseandpowergridlinebreaking,whichisthemainthreattothenormaloperationofthepowergridinwinter,anditisnecessarytotakede-icingmeasuresintimetopreventlinedamage.Laserisanewandefficientpowergridde-icingmethodwithnon-contact,fastspeed,highenergytransmission,andconversionefficiency.Inthispaper,themechanismoflasericemeltingisexplainedfromtheperspectiveofenergyabsorptionanddistribution,thelaserenergyconversionprocessisdescribedbytheBeer-Rambertlaw,andthevariationoficecentertemperaturewithtimeisobtained.Theeffectsofwavelength,power,spotdiameter,andotherparametersontheicemeltingefficiencywereanalyzed,anditwasshownthatthesurfacereflectivityoftheicelayer,thescatteringrate,andtheabsorptionrateofinternalimpuritiesandotherfactorsjointlyaffectedtheenergycouplingefficiencyofthelaser,andthelossofthelaserontheicingequipmentalsoneededtobeevaluatedandoptimiz...