·26·医药前沿2024年3月第14卷第7期综述结核潜伏感染的研究进展蒋海花，江宗群（通信作者）（联勤保障部队第九九一医院感染科湖北襄阳441003）【摘要】结核潜伏感染（LTBI）是人体感染结核分枝杆菌后无临床症状但产生持续免疫反应的一种状态。因其有进展为活动性结核病和引起结核传播的风险，尤其在高危人群中风险明显增加，所以值得重视。本文围绕LIBI检测方法、诊断标准、LIBI高危因素、筛查对象及治疗等方面进行了综述，重点对活动性结核病密切接触者、HIV感染、肾移植、肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂、大剂量糖皮质激素、透析人群、新型生物制剂IL-17和IL-23抑制剂、免疫检查点抑制剂与LIBI之间的关系进行了讨论，提出识别易发展为活动性结核病的高危人群，对这部分高危人群进行筛查同时对符合化学预防性治疗人群积极给予治疗，是降低结核病发生率的重要措施。【关键词】综述；结核潜伏感染；新型生物制剂；化学预防性治疗【中图分类号】R52【文献标识码】A【文章编号】2095-1752（2024）07-0026-07ResearchprogressonlatenttuberculosisinfectionJIANGHaihua,JIANGZongqun(Correspondingauthor)DepartmentofInfectiousDiseases,991stHospitalofPLAJLSF,Xiangyang,Hubei441003,China【Abstract】Latenttuberculosisinfection(LTBI)isastatusofpersistentimmuneresponsetoMycobacteriumtuberculosis,butnoclinicalsymptoms.LIBIshouldbeattented,becausetheprogresstoactivetuberculosisandtheriskofcausingtransmissionoftuberculosis,andespeciallytheriskissignificantlyincreasedinhigh-riskgroups.ThisarticlereviewedLIBIdetectionmethods,diagnosticcriteria,LIBIAssociatedhigh-riskfactors,screeningobjectsandthetreatmentofLIBI,andsoon.DiscussionFocusontherelationshipbetweenLIBIandclosecontactsofactivetuberculosis,HIVinfection,receivingkidneytransplantation,receivingTNFantagonists,takinghigh-doseglucocorticoids,receivinghemodialysis,newbiologicagentsasIL-17andIL-23inhibitors,immunecheckpointinhibitors.Andsuggestthat,Toidentifyhigh-riskgroupswhoareeasytodevelopintoactivetuberculosis,andtoscreenthesehigh-riskgroupsandactivelylaunchtuberculosischemoprophylaxis,that'sanimportantmeasuretoreducetheincidenceoftuberculosis.【Keywords】Review;LTBI;Newbiologicagents;Tuberculosischemoprophylaxis结核...
