非社会的社会性:弥补人工智能责任缺口的一种纾困尝试*栾云镪1摘要:人工智能(artificialintelligence,AI)的突破性发展为人类提供诸多便利,但技术的社会属性引发了医学、哲学、法学等学科领域对其道德责任缺口问题的深层隐忧,争议的核心是AI技术发展是否可控,AI是否可以像人类一样具有能动性和体验性,如何提高AI的道德敏感度。“非社会的社会性”理论为弥补AI的道德缺口提供了一种纾困策略:将“人是目的”作为道德尺度,以人类自身责任主动把握智能技术伦理主动,重塑智能技术在人类社会中的限制条件,为引导其向负责任发展提供规范性道德指引。关键词:非社会性,社会性,人工智能,责任,伦理边界,伦理规范中图分类号:R-05文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-0772(2024)09-0001-05DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2024.09.01Non-socialSociality:ARemedialAttempttoAddresstheResponsibilityGapinArtificialIntelligenceLUANYunqiang1.1.SchoolofMarxism,NanjingNormalUniversity,Nanjing210023,ChinaAbstract:Thebreakthroughdevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasprovidedmanyconveniencesforhumanity,butthesocialattributesoftechnologyhaveraiseddeepconcernsinthefieldsofmedicine,philosophy,law,andotherdisciplinesaboutitsmoralresponsibilitygap.ThecoreofthecontroversyiswhetherthedevelopmentofAItechnologyiscontrollable,whetherAIcanhavethesameagencyandexperienceashumans,andhowtoimprovethemoralsensitivityofAI.Thetheoryof"non-socialsociality"providesaremedialstrategyforfillingthemoralgapinartificialintelligence:taking"humanbeingsasthepurpose"asthemoralscale,activelygraspingtheethicalinitiativeofintelligenttechnologywithhumanresponsibility,reshapingtheconstraintsofintelligenttechnologyinhumansociety,andprovidingnormativemoralguidancetoguideitsresponsibledevelopment.KeyWords:non-socialsociality,sociality,artificialintelligence,responsibility,ethicalboundaries,ethicalnorms1文献回顾与问题提出人工智能(artificialintelligence,AI)被广泛运用于各种医疗场景的同时,引发学界对AI是否承担道德责任以及是否存在责任缺口(responsibilitygap)等问题的隐忧,发展负责任的AI成为国际社会的一项共同愿景。AI责任限定源于人对自我的认识,由此引发对科学技术的伦理限制...