OptimumArrayProcessingOptimumArrayProcessingPartIVofDetection,Estimation,andModulationTheoryHarryL.VanTreesWILEY-INTERSCIENCEAJOHNWILEY&SONS,INC.,PUBLICATIONDesignationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.InallinstanceswhereJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,isawareofaclaim,theproductnamesappearininitialcapitalorALLCAPITALLETTERS.Readers,however,shouldcontacttheappropriatecompaniesformorecompleteinformationregardingtrademarksandregistration.Copyright2002byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includinguploading,downloading,printing,decompiling,recordingorotherwise,exceptaspermittedunderSections107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthePublisher.RequeststothePublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,605ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10158-0012,(212)850-6011,fax(212)850-6008,E-Mail:PERMREQ@WILEY.COM.Thispublicationisdesignedtoprovideaccurateandauthoritativeinformationinregardtothesubjectmattercovered.Itissoldwiththeunderstandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrenderingprofessionalservices.Ifprofessionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofacompetentprofessionalpersonshouldbesought.ISBN0-471-22110-4ThistitleisalsoavailableinprintasISBN0-471-09390-4.FormoreinformationaboutWileyproducts,visitourwebsiteatwww.Wiley.com.ToDianeForhercontinuingsupportandencouragementduringthemanyyearsthatthisbookwasdiscussed,researched,andfinallywritten.Moreimportantly,forherloyalty,love,andunderstandingduringasequenceofchallengingperiods,andtoProfessorWilburDavenport,whosebookintroducedmetorandomprocessesandwhowasamentor,friend,andsupporterduringmycareeratMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.ContentsPreface1Introduction11.1ArrayProcessing.........................21.2Applications............................61.2.1Radar...........................61.2.2RadioAstronomy........
