注册会计师-会计第1页第01讲会计政策、会计估计变更和差错更正本部分内容重要性不言而喻,在历年考试中所占分值较高,尤其是会计差错的处理在近几年考试中屡屡命题。本章内容学习的关键在于基础知识的掌握,扎实的基础知识是进行会计政策变更、差错更正的前提。在备考过程中应重点关注会计政策变更的会计处理、前期差错更正的会计处理。I.会计政策变更ChangeinAccountingPolicy企业采用的会计政策,在每一会计期间和前后各期应当保持一致,不得随意变更。Theaccountingpoliciesadoptedbyanenterpriseshallbeconsistentineachaccountingperiod,thepriorandsubsequentaccountingperiods,andshallnotbechangedrandomly.但是,满足下列条件之一的,可以变更会计政策:However,ifoneofthefollowingconditionsissatisfied,accountingpolicymaybechanged:(1)法律、行政法规或者国家统一的会计制度等要求变更。Therequirementbyanylaw,administrativeregulation,ornationaluniformaccountingsystemchanges.(2)会计政策变更能够提供更可靠、更相关的会计信息。Morereliableandmorerelevantaccountinginformationshallbeprovidedthroughchangingtheaccountingpolicy.会计政策变更有两种会计处理方法,即追溯调整法和未来适用法,两种方法适用于不同的情形。Therearetwomethodsforaccountingtreatmentofchangesinaccountingpolicies,i.e.,theretrospectiveadjustmentmethodandtheprospectiveapplicationmethodwhichareapplicabletodifferentsituations.II.会计估计变更ChangesinAccountingEstimate企业对会计估计变更应当采用未来适用法处理。Theprospectiveapplicationmethodshallbeadoptedbyanenterprisefortreatingthechangesinaccountingestimates.会计估计变更仅影响变更当期的,其影响数应当在变更当期予以确认;既影响变更当期又影响未来期间的,其影响数应当在变更当期和未来期间予以确认。Ifachangeinaccountingestimateaffectsonlythecurrentperiodofthechange,theeffectofthechangeshallberecognizedintheperiodofthechange.Ifanychangeinanaccountingestimateaffectsboththeperiodofthecurrentchangeandfutureperiods,theeffectsofthechangeshallberecognizedintheperiodofthechangeandinfutureperiods.III.前期差错更正CorrectionsofPriorPeriodErrors前期差错通常包括计算错误、应用会计政策错误、疏忽或曲解事实、舞弊产生的影响等。Gene...