我国单身女性冻卵限制的检视、症结及调整*王众1摘要:我国单身女性冻卵立法罅缺,但对行政规章禁止性条款的扩大解释限制了医疗机构冻卵服务的范围。冷冻卵子属于生命伦理物,生育权属于人格权。尊重生育主体的生育自主权和决策权是生育权保障的应有之意。作为生育权行使方式的冻卵,其目的是为了保存生育能力,不应以已婚作为前提。在玻璃化卵子融冻术成熟背景下,应赋予单身女性一定条件下的“冻卵权”,建立单身女性冻卵审核制度,扩大医疗机构冻卵服务的范围。建立人类卵子库制度,完善卵子捐赠制度。关键词:单身女性,冻卵权,生育力保存,卵子捐赠中图分类号:R-05文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-0772(2024)09-0060-06DOI:10.12014/j.issn.1002-0772.2024.09.13Inspection,CruxandAdjustmentofRestrictionofEggFreezingforSingleWomeninChinaWANGZhong1.1.CollegeofLaw,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650500,ChinaAbstract:ThereisagapinthelegislationofeggfreezingforsinglewomeninChina,buttheexpandedinterpretationoftheprohibitiveprovisionsofadministrativeregulationslimitsthescopeofeggfreezingservicesinmedicalinstitutions.Frozeneggsareabioethicalobject,andthereproductiverightsbelongstotherightofpersonality.Respectingthereproductiveautonomyanddecision-makingpowerisessentialforsafeguardingreproductiverights.Thepurposeofeggfreezing,asawaytoexercisefertilityrights,istopreservefertilityandshouldnotbeprerequisiteforbeingmarried.Underthebackgroundofmaturevitrificationeggfreezing,singlewomenshouldbegiventherighttofreezeeggsundercertainconditions,andaneggfreezingreviewsystemforsinglewomenshouldbeestablishedtoexpandthescopeofeggfreezingservicesprovidedbymedicalinstitutions.Establishingahumaneggbanksystemandimprovingeggdonationsystemarealsorecommended.KeyWords:singlewoman,rightofeggfreezing,fertilitypreservation,eggdonation精卵子冷冻是生育力保存的有效方式,但长期以来,我国单身男性可以“冻精”保存生育力,单身女性则无法通过“冻卵”保存生育力。“无卵可用”已成为现阶段我国女性生育的主要障碍。在晚婚晚育常态化背景下,单身女性无法“冻卵”丧失生育机会将不利于个体生育权保障的实现,也一定程度上影响我国提高人口出生率的政策预期。1...