2023年第1期导弹与航天运载技术(中英文)No.12023总第392期MISSILESANDSPACEVEHICLESSumNo.392收稿日期:2022-03-14;修回日期:2022-12-16文章编号:2097-1974(2023)01-0048-04DOI:10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20230110低温火箭统一供配气吹除系统试验研究吴姮,丁蕾,税晓菊,贺启林,马方超(北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京,100076)摘要:某低温火箭为减少箭地接口从而提高射前连接器脱落可靠性,舱段吹除系统采用统一供配气模式。为验证该模式中各舱段吹除流量分配的合理性,建立了多级火箭的舱段吹除试验系统,通过试验获得了各舱段流量,同时获得不同进箭温度下各舱段吹除流量的变化。结果表明:采用孔板前压力和温度测试数据计算舱段流量能有效表征实际流量,在满足热环境条件的情况下适当提高吹除温度能有效降低各舱段流量从而减少地面供气系统规模,试验结果与仿真分析结果吻合较好,为后续大型火箭研制提供了参考。关键词:火箭;吹除系统;统一供配气模式中图分类号:V421.4文献标识码:AExperimentStudyonBlowingSystemofCryogenicRocketWuHeng,DingLei,ShuiXiao-ju,HeQi-lin,MaFang-chao(BeijingInstituteofAerospaceSystemEngineering,Beijing,100076)Abstract:Inordertoreducetherocketinterfaceandimprovethereliabilityofconnectorfallingoff,therocketblowingsystemadoptstheunifiedgassupplymode.Inordertoverifytherationalityoffluxforeachcabin,aexperimentsystemisestablished.Thefluxofeachcabinisobtained,andthechangesofthefluxofeachcabinunderdifferentinlettemperaturesareobtained.Theresultsshowthatusingthepressureandtemperaturedatainfrontoftheorificetocalculatethefluxiscorrect,andappropriatelyincreasingtheblowingtemperaturecaneffectivelyreducethefluxofeachcabinundertheconditionofmeetingthethermalenvironmentconditions,soastoreducethescaleofthegassupplysystems.Thetestresultsareingoodagreementwiththesimulationresults,whichprovidesareferenceforthedevelopmentoflarge-scalerocket.Keywords:rocket;blowingsystem;unifiedgassupplymode0引言随着航天技术的飞速发展,开发具有无污染推进剂的火箭是必然的发展趋势,液氢/液氧及液氧/煤油等作为推进剂已成为运载火箭的主流,如中国的长征七号运载火箭、长征三号甲系列运载火箭[1]、欧洲阿里安火箭[2]、日本的H-2运载火箭[3]及美国的土...