MHE_Rdg_Wonders_LvRdr_G5_ELL_U4W3_18.pdf

A Woman of Actionby Jane BuxtonPAIREDREADGus Garca Takes on TexasBiographyProgram:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50CV_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 2CV_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 217/02/12 1:50 PM17/02/12 1:50 PMSTRATEGIES&SKILLSAPhotography Credit:Underwood&Underwood/CORBIS*The total word count is based on words in the running text and headings only.Numerals and words in captions,labels,diagrams,charts,and sidebars are not included.ComprehensionStrategy:SummarizeSkill:Author s Point of ViewVocabulary StrategyPrefixes and SuffixesVocabularyanticipation,defy,entitled,neutral,outspoken,reserved,sought,unequalELL Vocabularyattitude,considerate,inspiredContent StandardsSocial StudiesCivics and Government Word Count:1,401*Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means,or stored in a database or retrieval system,without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.,including,but not limited to,network storage or transmission,or broadcast for distance learning.Send all inquiries to:McGraw-Hill EducationTwo Penn PlazaNew York,New York 10121ISBN:978-0-02-119135-2MHID:0-02-119135-2Printed in the United States.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DOC 15 14 13 12 11 10IFCIBC_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 2IFCIBC_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 217/02/12 1:51 PM17/02/12 1:51 PMA Woman of Actionby Jane Buxtonbybyby J J Jananane e e BuBuBuPAIREDREADChapter 1Early Years.2Chapter 2Addams Takes Action.6Chapter 3Changing the World.10Respond to Reading.15Gus Garca Takes on Texas.16Glossary/Index .19Focus on Social Studies .20Essential QuestionWhat can people do to bring about a positive change?Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Library of Congress Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-ggbain-18848001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 117/02/12 1:53 PM17/02/12 1:53 PMFrom a young age,Jane wanted to make a difference in the world.Chapter 1Have you ever thought about what you want to do with your life?Jane Addams thought about this a lot.Jane was born in 1860 in Cedarville,Illinois.Her mother died when Jane was two and a half years old.Jane s father,John Addams,owned several businesses.He was a state senator from 1854 to 1870.He was also a philanthropist,a person who helps others.2Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50W.B.White,Freeport,Ill.;Jane Addams Papers Project001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 2001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 217/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMJane admired her father.He taught her to be kind and considerate.Jane s father taught her to love reading and learning too.Jane noticed that people had unequal lives.Some people were rich and lived in neighborhoods with big homes.In contrast,other people were poor and lived in neighborhoods with small homes that were crammed together.Jane wanted to be a doctor to help the poor,but Mr.Addams wanted Jane to get married and have children.Jane didn t want to get married,but she also didn t want to defy her father.John Addams was a successful landowner,banker,and miller.3Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Jane Addams Papers Project001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 3001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 317/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PM She was shows pronounverb agreement.Find another example on this page.LanguageDetectiveJane Addams had a good education.She studied at Rockford Female Seminary from 1877 to 1881.She developed reading,writing,and public-speaking skills.When Addams was 21 years old,her father died.She was very upset.She enrolled at Women s Medical College in Philadelphia,but she could not study well.Addams was too sad.She also had problems with her back.It was painful for her to sit and study.Addams became ill.She had to give up college and her dream of being a doctor.Addams(back row)made good friends at her school.4Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Jane Addams Papers Project001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 4001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 417/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMFrom 1883 to 1885,Addams traveled to other countries.She visited London,England.She saw many people living in poverty.In 1887,Addams returned to England and visited a settlement house called Toynbee Hall in a poor part of London.Toynbee Hall was called a settlement house because young men settled there to live.The men were educated and wanted to improve the lives of poor people.They taught classes in reading,drawing,and singing to the people in the neighborhood.Addams was excited.She decided to open a settlement house in Chicago.Extreme PovertyAddams visited a market in London.It was the end of the week,and the market was closing.She saw old meat,fruits,and vegetables for sale.The prices were low because the food was rotten,but poor people bought the food.Addams never forgot what she saw.She wrote about seeing,“hands,empty clutching forward for food which was already unfit to eat.”STOP AND CHECKWho taught Jane Addams to help other people?5Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 5001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 517/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMAddams returned to Illinois.She told her friend Ellen Starr about Toynbee Hall.Starr wanted to help Addams.The two friends rented an old mansion named Hull House in a poor area in Chicago.They decided to use Toynbee Hall as a model for Hull House.Wealthy,educated Americans were often shocked when they learned about the extreme economic gap between rich and poor people.Addams and Starr decided that Hull House would have two purposes.One purpose was to provide a way for wealthy people to learn about poor people and work to improve their lives.Chapter 2Hull House was originally owned by a wealthy businessman,Charles Hull.The mansion had been built in 1856.Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:506Bettmann/CORBIS001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 6001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 617/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMIn Other Words pay for the house and the programs.En espaol,run the house quiere decir pagar por los gastos de la casa.The other purpose was to offer opportunities that were usually reserved for the wealthy,such as education and music lessons,to the working people.Addams and Starr invited educated young people to live at Hull House.While the young people lived at Hull House,they would get to know the working people in the poor neighborhood.They would also organize lectures,clubs,and classes for their neighbors.Addams used her own money to repair Hull House.She sought money from wealthy citizens to run the house.Life in the CityBusiness was booming in Chicago when Addams and Starr set up Hull House.People came to Chicago to find a better life and find jobs in factories.Many of the workers were immigrants from Europe.They worked long hours for low wages in poor conditions.The bosses got wealthy,but the workers struggled to survive.7Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 7001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 717/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMHull House opened in 1889.Well-educated people wanted to help,and they moved into Hull House.Hull House became a popular meeting place for local people.They could take classes on English language and other subjects.Eventually,Hull House had a theater,a library,a kitchen,a music school,and a gymnasium.It offered child care for working parents.People could also get medical care and legal advice.Thousands of people visited Hull House and they were impressed by what they saw.Addams started clubs for children.Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:508Underwood&Underwood/CORBIS001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 8001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 817/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMPeople saw that Addams was kind and compassionate.She was also an outspoken advocate of the poor.Addams gave speeches about how to help the poor across America.Her talks inspired people to open new settlement houses.However,it took money to run Hull House.Addams began to write books.She was a good writer.She wrote an autobiography,Twenty Years at Hull House.The book became famous,and Addams made a lot of money.She used the money to run Hull House.Valuing TraditionsAddams set up a labor museum at Hull House to teach the visitors about older immigrants.The older immigrants showed the visitors their knowledge of traditional arts and crafts.When immigrants arrived in America,they had to learn English and American customs.Addams believed it was important to let immigrants be teachers.The museum was an opportunity for elders to share their skills.Addams wrote 13 books.deskpenSTOP AND CHECKWhat services did Hull House off er poor people?9Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Library of Congress,Prints&Photographs Division LC-USZ61-144001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 9001_009_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 917/02/12 1:54 PM17/02/12 1:54 PMThey were shows pronounverb agreement.Find another example on this page.LanguageDetectiveChapter 3During Jane Addams s lifetime,everyone in poor families had to work.Even children had jobs.People worked long hours and earned very low wages.They worked in terrible conditions.Addams heard about three children who were injured at a factory.They were using a dangerous machine.One child had died.Addams asked the factory owner to put a protective cage over the machine.She was shocked when the owner refused.Children often worked in textile mills like this one.loom10Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division LC-DIG-nclc-01383010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 10010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1017/02/12 1:58 PM17/02/12 1:58 PMAddams realized that the laws needed to change to improve lives of the poor and to fight poverty.Addams talked to politicians in Illinois.She asked them to improve laws about working conditions in the factories,child labor,and the justice system for young people.She also wanted to limit women s work hours to eight hours a day and to make schools free and compulsory for all children.People began to listen to Addams.The public s attitude toward child labor began to change.Gradually the laws were reformed.Children Are CheapFactory bosses did not want the child labor laws to be changed.They argued that children learned to value hard work.They said poor widows needed the money their children earned.The bosses also said that their businesses would fail without cheap child workers.Child labor was finally banned in 1938.11Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 11010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1117/02/12 1:58 PM17/02/12 1:58 PMAddams knew that positive changes in society require change in people s attitudes.In addition to helping to improve lives and rights of individuals,Addams also helped groups of people.She helped to set up the American Civil Liberties Union(ACLU)and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).These organizations still exist today.“Nothing could be worse than the fear that one has given up too soon,and left one unexpended effort that might have saved the world.”Jane Addams Everyone Is ResponsibleAddams believed that everyone has a responsibility to help others and work to make positive changes in society.Her efforts improved peoples lives in many ways.She supported the rights of women,children,and ethnic minorities.She worked to improve public health services and worked to provide the needs of children and the poor.12Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 12010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1217/02/12 1:58 PM17/02/12 1:58 PMAddams believed that war was wrong.She tried to stop World War I.She gave speeches against the war.Addams helped to set up the Women s Peace Party and the International Congress of Women.These groups promoted peace.Addams was the first president of the Women s International League for Peace and Freedom.Some of Addams s views were unpopular with people.She received angry letters,and newspapers criticized her.Addams continued to do what she thought was right.She knew that she was entitled to speak her mind.Addams was determined to change people s attitudes about war.In Other Words say what she thought.En espaol,speak her mind quiere decir expresar sus opiniones.Womens Peace Party members sailed to Europe in 1915 for a big meeting about peace.gWoWW mens Peace Party members sailed to Europe in 1915 for a 13Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:50Library of Congress Prints&Photographs Division LC-DIG-ggbain-18848010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 13010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1317/02/12 1:58 PM17/02/12 1:58 PMJane Addams is a loved and respected American leader.She sought to improve people s lives.Addams was courageous and determined.She was often ill,but she continued to work toward her goals.These goals were always for other people.In 1931,Addams won the Nobel Peace Prize for her work.1860 born,Cedarville,IL1881 graduates from RockfordFemale Seminary1887 visits Toynbee Hall1889 founds Hull House1909 helps found NAACP 1910 publishes Twenty Years at Hull House1915 helps found the Womens Peace Party and organizes the International Congress of Women1919 helps found the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom1920 helps found the American Civil Liberties Union1931 receives the Nobel Peace Prize1935 dies,Chicago,ILTime Line:Jane AddamsAddams was the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.STOP AND CHECKWhich groups of people did Addams help?Program:CR 14Component:LRG5 U4W3 EPDFVendor:Learning MediaLevel:5014Bettmann/CORBIS010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 14010_015_CR14_LR_G5_U4W3L50_E_119135.indd 1417/02/12 1:58 PM17/02/12 1:58 PMAuthor sPoint ofViewDetailsSummarizeUse important details from Jane Addams:A Woman of Action to summarize the changes Addams worked to make happen.Use the graphic organizer to help you.Text Evidence1.What type of text is Jane Addams:A Woman of Action?What features tell you this?GENRE2.How does the author feel about Jane Addams?How can you tell?AUTHORS POINT OF VIEW 3.The word painful on page 4 includes the suffix-ful.The suffix-ful means“full of.”Use what you know about this suffix to help you define the word painful.PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES4.Reread pages 1011.Write about the author s point of view on Jane Addams s work to ban child labor.Use details in the text to support yo