Grammar语法2020春A+单元指引Unit5一、一般现在时：经常发生的动作或存在的状态1.描述主语的状态、性质、特征、能力等，目的是为了“描述现阶段的动作或者状态”Hehatesdrivingsofar.2.时间标志词之频度副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never句中位置：实前be后，即实意动词之前，be动词之后Ioftenvisitmygrandparents.3.时间标志词之every系列：everymorning,everyday,everyweek,everymonth,everytime…Gracewinsthisgameeverytimeweplay.Whendoyougotobedeverynight?4.主语是第三人称单数：动词变三单①肯定句：主语+doesHehatesdrivingsofar.Gracewinsthisgameeverytimeweplay.②否定句：主语+doesn’t+动词原形Itdoesn’tusuallyrainatthistimeofyear,buttodayitisrainingheavily.③一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形…?DoesGracewinthisgameeverytimeweplay?5.第三人称单数变化规则：①在动词后加s：clean–cleans,get-gets②以s/ch/x/sh/o结尾的动词，加es：go–goes,watch–watches③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y变为ies：cry–cries,study–studies④以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词，直接加s：play–plays,stay-stays二、现在进行时：此时此刻发生的动作或存在的状态1.基本结构：am/is/are+doing2.时间标志词：now,atthemoment,whereis…,look,listenHeisplantingflowersinthegardennow.Look,somanykidsareplayingwiththeirsmartphonesontheplayground.Ihavefinishedmyhomework,andnowIamplayingthepiano.3.根据上下文可知用现在进行时---Alan,it’slate.Whynotgotobed?---Jennyhasn’tcomebackyet.Iamwaitingforher.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Canyouopenit?三、一般将来时：将来要发生的动作或存在的状态1.will+动词原形①主观推测：Stopsmoking,Joe!Youwillkillyourselfifyoukeepitup.②临时决定：---It’scoldintheroom.---Iwillclosethewindow.2.begoingto+动词原形①有迹象表明某事要发生：Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.②有计划做某事：ThewomanisgoingtogiveusatalkaboutDNAtomorrowafternoon.3.shall+动词原形：主语为第一人称I/weIt’sgettingdark.ShallIturnonthelight?4.if引导的条件状语从句使用规则：主将从现，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时Youwillkillyourselfifyoukeepitup.Frankwillseeafilmifhe’sfreenextSaturday.Reading精读【keep】①keep–kept–kept②keepapub开酒馆③保持keepdoingsth.【reply】replyto…(replytotheletter;replytothemessage)【kilogram】①kilogrammeBrE②kilo③gram克【task】必须做的工作（尤指困难的或讨厌的）【pay】①pay–paid–paid②payfor支付③payback还钱；报复【earn】①earnmoney赚钱②earnaliving谋生【suppose】①Isupposeso.=Ithinkso.②Idon'tsupposeso.=Idon'tthinkso.【worth】worthdoing值得做
