WhatYou’llLearn•Youwillexplainenergytransferincircuits.•Youwillsolveproblemsinvolvingcurrent,potentialdifference,andresistance.•Youwilldiagramsimpleelectriccircuits.WhyIt’sImportantTheelectrictoolsandappliancesthatyouusearebasedupontheabilityofelectriccircuitstotransferenergyresultingfrompotentialdifference,andthus,performwork.PowerTransmissionLinesTransmissionlinescrisscrossourcountrytotransferenergytowhereitisneeded.Thistransferisaccomplishedathighpotentialdifferences,oftenashighas500,000V.ThinkAboutThis�Transmissionlinevoltagesaretoohightousesafelyinhomesandbusinesses.Whyaresuchhighvoltagesusedintransmissionlines?590physicspp.comLesterLefkowitz/CORBISSection22.1CurrentandCircuits591Canyougetalightbulbtolight?QuestionGivenawire,abattery,andalightbulb,canyougetthebulbtolight?Procedure1.Obtainalightbulb,awire,andabattery.Trytofindasmanywaysaspossibletogetthelightbulbtolight.Caution:Wireissharpandcancutskin.Wirecanalsogethotifconnectedacrossthebattery.2.Diagramtwowaysinwhichyouareabletogetthelightbulbtowork.Besuretolabelthebattery,thewire,andthebulb.3.Diagramatleastthreewaysinwhichyouarenotabletogetthebulbtolight.AnalysisHowdidyouknowifelectriccurrentwasflowing?Whatdoyourdiagramsofthelitbulbhaveincommon?Whatdoyourdiagramsoftheunlitbulbhaveincommon?Fromyourobservations,whatconditionsseemtobenecessaryinorderforthebulbtolight?CriticalThinkingWhatcauseselectricitytoflowthroughthebulb?22.1CurrentandCircuits�Objectives•Describeconditionsthatcreatecurrentinanelectriccircuit.•ExplainOhm’slaw.•Designclosedcircuits.•Differentiatebetweenpowerandenergyinanelectriccircuit.�VocabularyelectriccurrentconventionalcurrentbatteryelectriccircuitampereresistanceresistorparallelconnectionseriesconnectionAsyoulearnedinChapter11,flowingwateratthetopofawaterfallhasbothpotentialandkineticenergy.However,thelargeamountofnaturalpotentialandkineticenergyavailablefromresourcessuchasNiagaraFallsareoflittleusetopeopleormanufacturerswhoare100kmaway,unlessthatenergycanbetransportedeffi...
