安徽省岳西县姚河乡梯岭村水口生产队朱颂成副教授研究生导师,医学楼1202安徽省淮南市淮南八公山豆腐制作中科院上海植物生理研究所(1996-2002)DepartmentofBiochemistry,UniversityofColorado(200207-200711)CytokinesisMetaphaseAnaphaseNeurondiversity,dipoidandaneuploidProteindegradation,AminoAcidMetablism：CatablismandBiosynthesisofAminoAcidsNitogenFixationDegradationandBiosynthesisofNucleotidesMetabolismRegulationLehningerPrinciplesofBiochemistry,4theditionTextbookofbiochemistrywithclinicalcorrelations1Proteindigestion2ProteindegradationLysosomemedidated-degradationAutophagyUbiquitin-mediated3Aminoacidcatablism4AminoacidsynthesisProteindegradation,AminoAcidMetablismThesignificanceofaminoacid1.Cells/tissuesgrowing,renewingandmendingCRHNH3COOProteinDegradation/AminoAcidMetablismThesignificanceofaminoacid2.Takepartinphysiologicalactivities3.Oxidationandsupplyenergy70kg的人，每天有400g的protein发生变化：400g发生再循环；100g氧化讲解提供能量4.NitrogenbalanceBeforewegetonaminoacidmetablism:1.Breakdownofdietaryproteins2.ProteindegradationincellsProteinbreakdownstartsatstomach•OptimalpH1.5～2.5，•Lowspecificity•Producesmallpeptideandfreeaminoacidspepsinogen胃蛋白酶原+SmallPeptideHCl、PepsinPepsinBreakdownofdietaryproteinsBotharegeneratedinstomach!主细胞（chiefcell）：胃酶细胞，zymogeniccell壁细胞（parietalcell）：泌酸细胞，oxynticcell泌酸细胞：较大，多呈圆锥形。核圆而深染，居中；胞质呈均质而明显的嗜酸性。胃酸:双刃剑，过少或缺乏时，消化不良;分泌过多,对胃和十二指肠黏膜发生侵袭作用，导致溃疡，穿孔、出血等；Chiefcellssecretspepsinogen，典型蛋白质分泌细胞的结构特点：柱状，核圆形；胞质基部呈强嗜碱性，顶部充满酶原颗粒。细胞核周有大量粗面内质网与发达的高尔基复合体。Cholecystokinin[kolsstə'kann]ʊɪˌɪɪɪ(缩胆囊素)stimulatessecretionofseveralpancreaticenzymes(胰腺酶）withactivityoptimaatpH7-8.Pancreasexocrinecells:Trypsinogen(胰蛋白酶原）Chymotrypsinogen（糜蛋白酶原）ProcarboxypeptidasesA,B羧肽酶Thedigestionofproteinsinthesmallintestine（小肠）.Enterokinase肠激酶:producedbycellsoftheduode...
