PharmacogenomicsAdjustObserveDiagnoseTreatMonitorresponseMedicineofthepastcouldbecalled“trial-and-error”medicineFact:Mostdrugsprescribedtodayareeffectiveforfewerthan60%oftreatedpatients.Indeed,accordingtoastudybySpear,Heath-ChiozziandHuff,"standarddrugtreatmentprovidesatherapeuticbenefitonlytoalimitedpercentageofpatientswhoreceiveit."PotentialofPharmacogenomics•ClicktoaddTextAllpatientswithsamediagnosis12RespondersandpatientsnotpredisposedtotoxicityNon-respondersandtoxicrespondersTreatwithalternativedrugordoseTreatwithconventionaldrugordoseWhatispharmacogenomics?Pharmacogenomicsisthestudyofhowanindividual'sgeneticinheritanceaffectsthebody'sresponsetodrugs.ThetermcomesfromthewordspharmacologyandgenomicsandisthustheintersectionofpharmaceuticalsandgeneticsPharmacogenomics•Pharmacogenomics–studiestheinheritedvariationsingenesthatarerelatedtodrugresponse–exploresthewaysthatthesevariationscanbeusedtopredictwhetherapatientwillhaveagoodresponse,abadresponse,ornoresponsetoadrug.•Pharmacogenetics:similartoPharmacogenomicsbutwithrespecttoasinglegene.Pharmacogeneticsreferstothestudyofgeneticinfluencesonanindividual’sresponsetodrugs.Inpharmacogenetics,theanalysisofaspecificgene,orgroupofgenes,maybeusedtopredictresponsestoaspecificdrugorclassofdrugs.Pharmacogenomicsreferscollectivelytoallthegenesthatinfluencedrugresponses,andhowgenome-wideanalysismaybeusedtoidentifysuchgenesinthesearchfornoveldrugtargetsand/orkeydeterminantsofdrugreactions.TheSimpleDefinitionPharmacogenomics:usinggeneticinformationtopredictwhetheradrugwillhelpmakeapatientwellorill.+©2009GusRosaniaPharmacogenomicsasafieldPharmacogenomicsstudieshowgenesdetermineinterindividualvariabilityindrugresponse.Combinesmanydifferentfields:Genetics,genomics,molecularbiology,pharmacology,pharmaceutics,toxicology,populationbiology,statistics.ForPharmacists:Itmaybeusedtopredicthowapatientmayrespondtodrug,withthehelpofagenetictest.©2009GusRosaniaWhyPharmacogenomics?Theroutetoanewmedicine…Theroutetoanewmedicine…Idea...
