1、WovenbasketscharacterizedbyaparticulardistinctivepatternhavepreviouslybeenfoundonlyintheimmediatevicinityoftheprehistoricvillageofPaleaandthereforewerebelievedtohavebeenmadeonlybythePaleanpeople.Recently,however,archaeologistsdiscoveredsucha"Palean"basketinLithos,anancientvillageacrosstheBrimRiverfromPalea.TheBrimRiverisverydeepandbroad,andsotheancientPaleanscouldhavecrosseditonlybyboat,andnoPaleanboatshavebeenfound.Thusitfollowsthattheso-calledPaleanbasketswerenotuniquelyPalean.Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscusswhatspecificevidenceisneededtoevaluatetheargumentandexplainhowtheevidencewouldweakenorstrengthentheargument.1）需要证据证明只有通过船才能运篮子到河对岸去，由于这无法证明，所以篮子不一定非要通过船才可以运过去。而且人们有可能游过去2）目前没有证据表明Palea人拥有船只，不代表实际上没有，可能还没发现。3)需要证据表明brim河存在于palean存在的期间，否则，可能是陆地，这样篮子很容易传播过去。由于缺乏这些证据，所以arguer的结论不可信。2、Thefollowingappearedaspartofalettertotheeditorofascientificjournal."Arecentstudyofeighteenrhesusmonkeysprovidescluesastotheeffectsofbirthorderonanindividual'slevelsofstimulation.Thestudyshowedthatinstimulatingsituations(suchasanencounterwithanunfamiliarmonkey),firstborninfantmonkeysproduceuptotwiceasmuchofthehormonecortisol,whichprimesthebodyforincreasedactivitylevels,asdotheiryoungersiblings（兄弟姐妹）.Firstbornhumansalsoproducerelativelyhighlevelsofcortisolinstimulatingsituations(suchasthereturnofaparentafteranabsence).Thestudyalsofoundthatduringpregnancy,first-timemothermonkeyshadhigherlevelsofcortisolthandidthosewhohadhadseveraloffspring."Writearesponseinwhichyoudiscussoneormorealternativeexplanationsthatcouldrivaltheproposedexplanationandexplainhowyourexplanation(s)canplausiblyaccountforthefactspresentedintheargument.1）样本太少，这18只这样猕猴有这种现象，更多的猴子可能不具有这样的特征2）头胎表现出的荷尔蒙皮质醇高的现象可能与年龄有关，当小点的猴子长这么大的时候可能也是这种分泌水平3）整个实验不确定因素太多，没有采用单变量研究法。...
