高级商务英语阅读补充时文SupplementaryReadingforChapter11IsGlobalizationSlowingDownTenetsofGlobalGrowthandProsperityByPhilSwan,ChiefEconomist,IBM,andChairmanoftheBIACEconomicPolicyCommitteeTheglobalmoodisdecidedlygloomy.War,threatsofwar,terrorism,corporatescandals,sinkingequitymarketsandlanguidlabourmarkets:allhavetakenatolloneconomicactivity.Sandhasfounditswayintothewheelsofglobalisation,whichmanyblameforthecurrentworldwidemalaise.Thisisunfortunatesince,inaneconomicsense,globalisationhasopenedborderstoideas,investmentandcapitalflows,aswellasenablingthemovementofpeopleandproduction,accordingtobasicmarketincentives.Peopleandcultureshaveinteractedinnewandexpandingways.Importantly,socialandculturalforcesarebecominginseparablefrombusinessandeconomicinteraction.Market-basedeconomiesfacilitateglobalisationbecauseofthequestforgreatereconomiesofscaleandassociatedefficiencies,i.e.lowercosts,scarceskills,andhigherproductivityandultimatelyprofitandotherreturnstoentrepreneurship.Infact,globalisationtransmitsbothgoodandbadpulsesatrapidspeed.Atthemoment,wearewatchingsynchronousglobaleconomicstagnationbeingexacerbatedbygeopoliticaleventsthatseemtohavenoendinsight.ThisiswhyupcomingG-8meetingsshouldtakealeadinformulating,co-ordinatingandpromotingimaginativeeconomicpoliciestoboostgrowthandproductivity.Globalisationisnotnew,butithasthepotentialtobecomeamorecontinuous,smoother,process.Muchoftherapidglobalisationofthelate1990sresultedfromtherapidspreadoftechnology,inparticulartheopportunitytonetworktheglobaleconomy.This,inturn,hasenabledasteadierflowofinnovationwhichstimulatesfurthertechnologyresearchandprogress.Withglobalisation,theopportunitiesforrealizingcostcontainmentandeconomiesofscalemushroomed.Moreover,publicpoliciestendedtoaccommodatetheprocess.TheUSeconomicmodelhasemergedastheglobalparadigmoftoday,inpartbecauseithasbeendrivenbyinformationtechnologyinvestmentwhichhasmultipliedproductivitygains,expandedjobopportunities,andkeptinflationincheck.Thechallengestocontinuedglobalisat...
