单元语法归纳一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。如:(1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.(2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句通常放在先行词的后面。*引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when,why*关系词常有三个作用:1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分定语从句二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中作主语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。(2)Theman(who/whom)youmetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中作主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中作宾语)4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。(1)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在从句中作主语)(2)Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?(在从句中作宾语)5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(3)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?一、用关系代词填空1.Thisisthemanwantstoseeyou.2.ThestudentansweredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Hereisthepenyoulostthedaybeforeyesterday.4.Thefilmwesawlastnightwaswonderful.5.Ilivedinahouseroofhasfallenin.whowhothatwhichwhose二、单项选择()6.Theboywemetlastyearhasjoinedthearmy.A.whereB.whichC.whomD.what()7.ThisisthedictionaryMumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom()8.Thebookheboughtyesterdayisinteresting.A.thatB.whyC.whenD.what()9.Themanlivesnexttousisateacher.A.whoB.whichC./D.he()10.Theboyfatherisadoctorismyclassmate.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.whichCAAAB()1.Itwasdarkinthecityafewweaklights.A.exceptforB.exceptC.besidesD.but()2.BothAliceandBettywellinbiology.A.doesB.isC.doD.are()3.Cathykepttheschoolyardforaday,andshewantedtokeepit.A.clean;cleaningB.cleaning;cleanC.clean;cleanD.cleaning;cleaning()4.heisveryold,helooksstrongandhealthy.A.EvenifB.BecauseC.ButD.Unless()5.ThefirstlessonIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.thatACBAD【教师备用】易错提醒:1.exceptfor用于排除异类事物。2.both...and...连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。3.keep+v.-ing意为“持续做……;一直做……”,“keep+宾语+形容词”意为“使……保持……”4.evenif引导让步状语从句。5.先行词被序数词修饰且指物时,引导词只能用that。
