2011年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirection:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)①TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.②Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethathas1acrosstheWeb.①Canprivacybepreserved2bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly3?①Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta4tomaketheWebasaferplace—a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech5ofaphysicalkey,afingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.②Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.①Theideaisto8afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.②Userscould9whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.③TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense10bythegovernment.①GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.①12,theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”incyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa13community.①Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”inwhich“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith14,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure15whichthetransactionruns.”①Still,theadministration’splanhas16privacyrightsactivists.②Someapplaudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.③Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17beacompulsoryInternet“driver’slicense”mentality.①Theplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19.②TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelice...
