第1页共18页2011年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：681科目名称：综合英语答案请写答题纸上PartIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(50MIN,50points)Inthissectiontherearefivereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof25multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandfinishthemultiplechoices.TextACitiesdevelopasaresultoffunctionsthattheycanperform,somefunctionsresultdirectlyfromtheingenuityofthecitizenry,butmostfunctionsresultfromtheneedsofthelocalareaandofthesurroundinghinterland(theregionthatsuppliesgoodstothecityandtowhichthecityfurnishesservicesandothergoods).Geographersoftenmakeadistinctionbetweenthesituationandthesiteofacity.Situationreferstothegeneralpositioninrelationtothesurroundingregion,whereassiteinvolvesphysicalcharacteristicsofthespecificlocation.Situationisnormallymuchmoreimportanttothecontinuingprosperityofacity.Ifacityiswellsituatedinregardtoitshinterland,itsdevelopmentismuchmorelikelytocontinue.Chicago,forexample,possessesanalmostunparalleledsituation:itislocatedatthesouthernendofahugelakethatforceseast-westtransportationlinestobecompressedintoitsvicinity,andatameetingofsignificantlandandwatertransportroutes.Italsooverlookswhatisoneoftheworld’sfinestlargefarmingregions.ThesefactorsensuredthatChicagowouldbecomeagreatcityregardlessofthedisadvantageouscharacteristicsoftheavailablesite,suchasbeingpronetofloodingduringthunderstormactivity.Similarly,itcanbearguedthatmuchofNewYorkCity’simportancestemsfromitsearlyandcontinuingadvantageofsituation.PhiladelphiaandBostonbothoriginatedataboutthesametimeasNewYorkandsharedNewYork’slocationatthewesternendofoneoftheworld’smostimportantoceanictrademutes,butonlyNewYorkpossessesaneasy-accessfunctionalconnection(theHudson-Mohawklowland)tothevastMidwesternhinterland.ThisaccountdoesnotaloneexplainNewYork’sprimacy,butitdoesincludeseveralimportantfactors.Amongthemanyaspectsofsituationthathelptoexplainwhysomecitiesgrowandothersdonot,originallocationonanavigablewaterwayseemsparticularlyapplicable.Ofcourse,suchcharacteristicasslope,dr...
