粉笔教师教育粉笔教师2020全国教招英语学科词法1主讲：慕伊一、名词目录一、名词的分类二、单复数变化规则三、名词所有格四、名词作定语1名词一、名词的分类抽象名词具体化difficulty困难adifficulty一件难事success成功asuccess一件成功的事failure失败afailure一件失败的事surprise惊喜asurprise一件令人惊奇的事relief宽慰，解脱arelief一种宽慰time时间atime一段时光Whatarelief~规则变化以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-eshero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos二者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/volcanos以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿二、单复数变化规则不规则变化复数形式表示特别意义customs（海关）,forces（军队）,times,spirits,drinks....works,crossroads表示“某国人”-sAmericans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans单复同形Swiss瑞士人,Portuguese葡萄牙人,Chinese,Japaneseman-menEnglishmen,Frenchmen合成词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boy-friends无主体名词-s加最后grown-ups,good-for-nothings(饭桶)，go-betweens(中间人)补充：前后变复数womansinger—womensingers,manservant—menservants中日（瑞葡）不变，英法变，其他-s加后面advice建议information信息news消息equipment器械machinery机器furniture家具change零钱evidence证据汉语中可数，英语中不可数：修饰名词的限定词1.只修饰可数名词单数，谓语动词常用单数：a(an),one,another,each,every,either,neither,manya,sucha...2.只修饰可数名词复数，谓语动词常用复数：few,afew,several,many,agreat/goodmany,anumberof,alarge/greatnumberof,(large/great)numbersof...3.只修饰不可数名词，谓语动词常用单数：little,alittle,agood/greatdealof,abitof...4.既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词，谓语动词视情况而定:some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,all,alargequantityof...小试牛刀1.I’msorrytosaythatwehave_____.A.madefewprogressB.madeverylittleprogressC.madenoprogressesD.madeasmallprogress2.Mrs.Jennygaveus_____onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.someadv...
