第1页共16页2009年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：681科目名称：综合英语答案请写答题纸上PartIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(50MIN;50Points)Inthissectiontherearefivereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandfinishthemultiplechoices.Writeyouranswerontheanswersheet.TextAVolcanicfireandglacialicearenaturalenemies.Eruptionsatglaciatedvolcanoestypicallydestroyicefields,astheydidin1980when70ofMountSaintHelensicecoverwasdemolished.Duringlongdormantintervals,glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventuallyreducingthemtorubble.OnlyrarelydothesecompetingforcesofheatandcoldoperateinperfectbalancetocreateaphenomenonsuchasthesteamcavesatMountRainierNationalPark.LocatedinsideRainier’stwoice-filledsummitcraters,thesecavesformalabyrinthoftunnelsandvaultedchambersaboutoneandonehalfmilesintotallength.Theircreationdependsonanunusualcombinationoffactorsthatnaturealmostneverbringstogetherinoneplace.Thecave-makingrecipecallsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheat,aheavyannualsnowfallatanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,andabowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier’ssummitcratersiscompactedandcompressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirm,asubstancemidwaybetweenordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.Heatrisingfromnumerousopenings(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmeltsoutchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.Circulatingcurrentsofwarmairthenmeltadditionalopeningsinthefirmice,eventuallyconnectingtheindividualchambersand,inthelargerofRainier’sthecrater’s,formingacontinuouspassagewaytheextendstwo-thirdsoftheWayaroundthecrater’sinterior.Tomaintainthecavesystem,theelementsoffireundericemustremaininequilibrium,enoughsnowmustfillthecratereachyeartoreplacethatmeltedfrombelow.Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater’sicepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththesnowsofyesteryear.Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theice,replenishedannuallybywintersno...
