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Theranostics2018,Vol.8,Issue14http://www.thno.org3932TThheerraannoossttiiccss2018;8(14):3932-3948.doi:10.7150/thno.25541ResearchPaperCarcinoma-associatedfibroblastspromotethestemnessandchemoresistanceofcolorectalcancerbytransferringexosomallncRNAH19JingRen1,LiangDing1,DongyaZhang1,GuopingShi1,QianyunXu1,SunanShen1,YapingWang3,TingtingWang1,2,YayiHou1,21.TheStateKeyLaboratoryofPharmaceuticalBiotechnology,DivisionofImmunology,MedicalSchool,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China.2.JiangsuKeyLaboratoryofMolecularMedicine,Nanjing210093,China.3.DepartmentofMedicalGenetics,MedicalSchool,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China.Correspondingauthors:TingtingWang,TheStateKeyLaboratoryofPharmaceuticalBiotechnology,DivisionofImmunology,MedicalSchool,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China.Email:wangtt@nju.edu.cn,orYayiHou,TheStateKeyLaboratoryofPharmaceuticalBiotechnology,DivisionofImmunology,MedicalSchool,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093,China.Tel/Fax:+86-83686341.Email:yayihou@nju.edu.cn©IvyspringInternationalPublisher.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedunderthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttribution(CCBY-NC)license(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).Seehttp://ivyspring.com/termsforfulltermsandconditions.Received:2018.02.13;Accepted:2018.05.28;Published:2018.06.24AbstractLongnon-codingRNAs(lncRNAs)areinvolvedinthepathologyofvarioustumors,includingcolorectalcancer(CRC).Thecrosstalkbetweencarcinoma-associatedfibroblasts(CAFs)andcancercellsinthetumormicroenvironmentpromotestumordevelopmentandconferschemoresistance.Inthisstudy,wefurtherinvestigatedtheunderlyingtumor-promotingrolesofCAFsandthemolecularmediatorsinvolvedintheseprocesses.Methods:TheAOM/DSS-inducedcolitis-associatedcancer(CAC)mousemodelwasestablished,andRNAsequencingwasperformed.SmallinterferingRNA(siRNA)sequenceswereusedtoknockdownH19.Cellapoptosiswasmeasuredbyflowcytometry.SW480cellswithH19stablyknockeddownwereusedtoestablishaxenograftmodel.Theindicatedproteinlevelsinxenografttumortissueswereconfirmed...