CellStemCellReviewMesenchymalStemCellsinFibroticDiseaseElieElAgha,1,2,*RafaelKramann,3RebekkaK.Schneider,4,5XiaokunLi,1WernerSeeger,2,6BenjaminD.Humphreys,7andSaverioBellusci1,2,*1InstituteofLifeSciences,WenzhouUniversity,WenzhouUniversity-WenzhouMedicalUniversityCollaborativeInnovationCenterofBiomedicine,Wenzhou,Zhejiang,China2ExcellenceClusterCardio-PulmonarySystem(ECCPS),UniversitiesofGiessenandMarburgLungCenter(UGMLC),Justus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen,GermanCenterforLungResearch(DZL),Giessen,Germany3DivisionofNephrologyandClinicalImmunology,MedicalFacultyRWTHAachenUniversity,RWTHAachenUniversity,Aachen,Germany4DepartmentofHematology,ErasmusMCCancerInstitute,Rotterdam,theNetherlands5DepartmentofHematology,Oncology,Hemostaseology,andStemCellTransplantation,RWTHAachenUniversity,Aachen,Germany6MaxPlanckInstituteforHeartandLungResearch,W.G.KerckhoffInstitute,BadNauheim,Germany7DivisionofNephrology,DepartmentofMedicine,WashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicine,St.Louis,USA*Correspondence:elie.el-agha@innere.med.uni-giessen.de(E.E.A.),saverio.bellusci@innere.med.uni-giessen.de(S.B.)http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2017.07.011Fibrosisisassociatedwithorganfailureandhighmortalityandiscommonlycharacterizedbyaberrantmyofibroblastaccumulation.Investigatingthecellularoriginofmyofibroblastsinvariousdiseasesisthusapromisingstrategyfordevelopingtargetedanti-fibrotictreatments.Recentstudiesusinggeneticlineagetracingtechnologyhaveimplicateddiverseorgan-residentperivascularmesenchymalstemcell(MSC)-likecellsandbonemarrow-MSCsinmyofibroblastgenerationduringfibrosisdevelopment.InthisReview,wegiveanoverviewoftheemergingroleofMSCsandMSC-likecellsinmyofibroblast-mediatedfibroticdiseaseinthekidney,lung,heart,liver,skin,andbonemarrow.TheMyofibroblastIsattheHeartofOrganFibrosisMyofibroblastsContributetoFibrosisDevelopmentOrganfibrosisanditsassociatedfailuresignificantlycontributetomortalityworldwide.Somefibroticdiseasesareidiopathicwhileothershaverelativelywell-describedetiol-ogiesthatrelatetol...
