IY35CH05-KiyonoARI29December20168:9REVIEWSINADVANCEMucosalEcologicalNetworkofEpitheliumandImmuneCellsforGutHomeostasisandTissueHealingYosukeKurashima1,2,3,45andHiroshiKiyono1,61DivisionofMucosalImmunology,DepartmentofMicrobiologyandImmunology,TheInstituteofMedicalScience,TheUniversityofTokyo,Tokyo108-8639,Japan;email:kiyono@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp2InternationalResearchandDevelopmentCenterforMucosalVaccines,TheInstituteofMedicalScience,TheUniversityofTokyo,Tokyo108-8639,Japan3InstituteforGlobalProminentResearch,ChibaUniversity,Chiba260-8670,Japan4DepartmentofMucosalImmunology,GraduateSchoolofMedicine,ChibaUniversity,Chiba260-8670,Japan5DepartmentofInnovativeMedicine,GraduateSchoolofMedicine,ChibaUniversity,Chiba260-8670,Japan6DepartmentofImmunology,GraduateSchoolofMedicine,ChibaUniversity,Chiba260-8670,JapanAnnu.Rev.Immunol.2017.35:119–47TheAnnualReviewofImmunologyisonlineatimmunol.annualreviews.orgThisarticle’sdoi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052424Copyrightc⃝2017byAnnualReviews.AllrightsreservedKeywordsinnatelymphoidcells,intestinalepithelialcells,Mcells,intra–lymphoidtissueresidentcommensalbacteria,mucosalhealing,epithelialrestitutionAbstractTheintestinalepithelialbarrierincludescolumnarepithelial,Paneth,gob-let,enteroendocrine,andtuftcellsaswellasothercellpopulations,allofwhichcontributepropertiesessentialforgastrointestinalhomeostasis.Theintestinalmucosaiscoveredbymucin,whichcontainsantimicrobialpep-tidesandsecretoryIgAandpreventsluminalbacteria,fungi,andvirusesfromstimulatingintestinalimmuneresponses.Conversely,thetransportofluminalmicroorganisms—mediatedbyM,dendritic,andgobletcells—intointestinaltissuesfacilitatestheharmonizationofactiveandquiescentmucosalimmuneresponses.Thebacterialpopulationwithingut-associatedlymphoidtissuescreatestheintratissuecohabitationsforharmonizedmu-cosalimmunity.Intermolecularandintercellularcommunicationamongep-ithelial,immune,andmesenchymalcellscreatesanenvironmentconduciveforepithelialregenerationandmucosalhealing.Thisreview...
