380Cell136,January23,2009©2009ElsevierInc.DOI10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.010Seeonlineversionforlegendandreferences.SnapShot:MicrotubuleRegulatorsIKarenLyle,PraveenKumar,andTorstenWittmannDepartmentofCellandTissueBiology,UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,CA94143,USAProteinfamilyBiochemicalfunctionRepresentativeProteinsH.sapiensD.melanogasterC.elegansA.thalianaS.cerevisiaeS.pombemicrotubulenucleatorsγ-tubulinRingcomplex(γ-tuRc)γ-tubulinγ-TuSCprovidesprimarynucleationsiteTUBG1γTub23CTBG-1ATGCP2Tub4Gtb1TUBG2γTub37CTUBG1γ-tubulincomplexproteins(GCPs)contributetonucleationGCP2Dgrip84Ce-Grip-1AtSpc97pSpc97Alp4GCP3Dgrip91AtSpc98pSpc98Alp6contributetonucleation,γ-TuRCintegrityandassemblyGCP4Dgrip75AtGCP4Gfh1pGCP5Dgrip128AtGCP5Mod21GCP6Dgrip163AtGCP6Alp16γ-tuRcRegulatorsAugminrecruitsγ-TuRCtospindlemicrotubuleshDgt6Dgt2,Dgt3,Dgt4,Dgt5,Dgt6Centrosomincontrolsγ-TuRCdistributionCnn(centrosomin)Mto1Cep192recruitsNEDD1tocentrosomeCep192D-Spd2SPD-2NEDD1recruitsγ-TuRCtocentrosomeNEDD1Dgp71WDAt-Nedd1Rsp1regulatesγ-TuRCdispersionRsp1minusendAnchoringProteinsBicaudaldynein-dependentminusendanchorBICD1BicD(bicaudalD)BICD-1Desmoplakinlinksmicrotubuleminusendstodesmosomes*DSPNineinminusendanchorNineinNudelminusendanchorNDEL1NudENUD-2Ndl1directRegulatorsofmicrotubulePolymerizationdynamicsmicrotubuleAssemblyPromotersEBspromotebothrescueandcatastrophe,directlyrecognizegrowingmicrotubuleendsEB1EBP-1,EBP-3AtEB1CBim1Mal3EB2EB3EB1AtEB1A,AtEB1BXMAP215,chTOGprocessivelyacceleratepolymerization*chTOG(CKAP5)Msps(minispindles)ZYG-9MOR1Stu2Dis1,Alp14CLIPspromoterescueincellsandinvitro*CLIP-170CLIP-190Bik1Tip1CLIP-115CRMP-2bindstubulindimers,promotesassembly*CRMP-2UNC-33SPIRALsuppressesgrowthpausesSPR1,SP1LSPR2,SP2LmicrotubuledisassemblyPromotersStathmin/Op18promotescatastrophe,inhibitspolymerization,highlyexpressedindevelopingneurons*Stathmin/Op18stathminSCG10,SCLIP,RB3MAP18inhibitspolymerizationMAP18Kinesin-8and13(internalmotordomain)depolymerizemicrotubulesfrombothendsKif2AKLP10AKLP-7K...
