Seeonlineversionforglossary,acknowledgments,andreferences.366Cell134,July25,2008©2008ElsevierInc.DOI10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.006SnapShot:IonChannelsandPainPatrickDelmasUniversitédelaMéditerranée,CNRS,Marseille,FranceChannelCharacteristicsExpressionEvidencefromAnimalModelsRoleinHumansNav1.3TTX-sensitive,voltage-gatedsodiumchannelEmbryonicDRGandTGneurons,spinalcord,andthalamus;upregulatedinDRGanddorsalhornneuronsfollowingnerveinjuryLossoffunctionattenuatespain-relatedbehaviorNa+channelblockersincludinglocalanesthetics,anticonvulsants,anti-arrhythmic,andTCAsrelievepainassociatedwithneuropathy,diabetes,osteoarthritis,andsurgery.MutationsintheNav1.7gene(scn9a)causeerythromelalgiaandparoxysmalextremepaindisorder;lossoffunctionofNav1.7resultsinpaininsensitivity.Nav1.7TTX-sensitive,voltage-gatedsodiumchannelMostadultDRGandTGneurons;upregulatedinsmallDRGandTGneuronspostinflammationLossoffunctionreducesmechanicalandthermalhypersensitivity;theNav1.7/Nav1.8blockerCDA54reducesneuropathicpaininnerveinjurymodelsNav1.8TTX-resistant,voltage-gatedsodiumchannelSmallandmediumDRGandTGneurons;upregulatedinsmallDRGneuronsafterinflammation;down-regulatedinsmallDRGneuronsinnerveinjurymodelsDecreaseinsensitivitytonoxiousthermalandmechanicalstimuliinknockoutmouse;Nav1.8blockerA-803467reducesmechanicalallodyniaandthermalhyperalgesiaNav1.9TTX-resistant,voltage-gatedsodiumchannelSmallandmediumDRGandTGneurons;silentnoci-ceptors;upregulatedfunctioninDRGspostinflammationLossoffunctionreducesmechanicalandthermalhypersensitivityassociatedwithinflammatorypainPossibleinvolvementinchronicandinflammatorypainCav2.2High-threshold,voltage-gatedcalciumchannelSmallandmediumDRGneurons,brainstem,thalamus;increasedexpressioninthedorsalhornofthespinalcordinneuropathicpainmodels;upregulatedinDRGsfollowingnerveinjuryandtissueinflammationLossoffunctionleadstoresistancetohyper-algesiaandallodyniafollowingnerveinjuryTherapeutictargetforpainassociatedwithcancer,AIDS,andneuropathies;channelblockersareantinociceptiv...
