CACANCERJCLIN2018;68:394–424394CA:ACancerJournalforCliniciansGlobalCancerStatistics2018:GLOBOCANEstimatesofIncidenceandMortalityWorldwidefor36Cancersin185CountriesFreddieBray,BSc,MSc,PhD1;JacquesFerlay,ME2;IsabelleSoerjomataram,MD,MSc,PhD3;RebeccaL.Siegel,MPH4;LindseyA.Torre,MSPH5;AhmedinJemal,PhD,DVM6Abstract:ThisarticleprovidesastatusreportontheglobalburdenofcancerworldwideusingtheGLOBOCAN2018estimatesofcancerincidenceandmortalityproducedbytheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer,withafocusongeographicvariabilityacross20worldregions.Therewillbeanesti-mated18.1millionnewcancercases(17.0millionexcludingnonmelanomaskincancer)and9.6millioncancerdeaths(9.5millionexcludingnonmelanomaskincancer)in2018.Inbothsexescombined,lungcanceristhemostcommonlydiag-nosedcancer(11.6%ofthetotalcases)andtheleadingcauseofcancerdeath(18.4%ofthetotalcancerdeaths),closelyfollowedbyfemalebreastcancer(11.6%),prostatecancer(7.1%),andcolorectalcancer(6.1%)forincidenceandcolorectalcancer(9.2%),stomachcancer(8.2%),andlivercancer(8.2%)formor-tality.Lungcanceristhemostfrequentcancerandtheleadingcauseofcancerdeathamongmales,followedbyprostateandcolorectalcancer(forincidence)andliverandstomachcancer(formortality).Amongfemales,breastcanceristhemostcommonlydiagnosedcancerandtheleadingcauseofcancerdeath,fol-lowedbycolorectalandlungcancer(forincidence),andviceversa(formortality);cervicalcancerranksfourthforbothincidenceandmortality.Themostfrequentlydiagnosedcancerandtheleadingcauseofcancerdeath,however,substantiallyvaryacrosscountriesandwithineachcountydependingonthedegreeofeco-nomicdevelopmentandassociatedsocialandlifestylefactors.Itisnoteworthythathigh-qualitycancerregistrydata,thebasisforplanningandimplementingevidence-basedcancercontrolprograms,arenotavailableinmostlow-andmid-dleincomecountries.TheGlobalInitiativeforCancerRegistryDevelopmentisaninternationalpartnershipthatsupportsbetterestimation,aswellasthecollec-tionanduseoflocaldata,toprioritizeandevaluatenationalcancercontrolef-forts.CA:Canc...
