LongnoncodingRNAlossinimmunesuppressionincancerQingsongHua,b,SergeyD.Egranova,ChunruLina,c,LiuqingYanga,c,d,⁎aDepartmentofMolecularandCellularOncology,TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX77030,USAbTheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofUSTC,DivisionofLifeSciencesandMedicine,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei,Anhui230001,PRChinacTheGraduateSchoolofBiomedicalSciences,TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX77030,USAdCenterforRNAInterferenceandNon-CodingRNAs,TheUniversityofTexasMDAndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX77030,USAabstractarticleinfoAvailableonline29May2020LongnoncodingRNAs(lncRNAs)havemultiplefunctionsintheregulationofcellularhomeostasis.Inrecentyears,numerousstudieshaveshownthattumor-associatedlncRNAsplaykeyrolesinpromotingandmaintain-ingtumorinitiationandprogressionbyshapingthetumormicroenvironmentthroughchangingtumorcellin-trinsicproperties.Here,wefocusontherolesoflncRNAsincancerimmunology.Inthefirstpart,weprovideanoverviewoftherolesplayedbylncRNAsandtheirderegulationincanceratthecancercell-andtumormicroenvironment-associatedimmunecelllevels.WegoontodescribepreclinicalstrategiesfortargetinglncRNAs,particularlyhighlightingtheeffectsontumormicroenvironments.WethendiscussthepossibilityofcombininglncRNAtargetingandtumorimmunecheckpointinhibitorantibodiestotreatcancer.©2020ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:LongnoncodingRNATumor-cell-intrinsicfactorsTumor-cell-extrinsicfactorsCancerimmunotherapyContents1.Introduction................................................12.RolesoflncRNAsastumor-cell-intrinsicfactors................................23.RolesoflncRNAsastumor-cell-extrinsicfactors................................44.LncRNAsaspotentialtargetsforimmunotherapies..............................65.Concludingremarksandfutureperspectives.................................7Acknowledgements...............................................7References...................................................71.IntroductionLongnon-codingRNAs(lncRNA...
