Seeonlineversionforabbreviationsandreferences.SnapShot:CytokinesIICristinaM.TatoandDanielJ.CuaSchering-PloughBiopharma(FormerlyDNAXResearch),PaloAlto,CA94304,USA500Cell132,February8,2008©2008ElsevierInc.DOI10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.002CytokineReceptorSourceTargetsMajorFunctionDiseaseAssociationInterleukin(IL)-17AIL17RAorIL17RCTh17cellsandothersMucosaltissues,epithelialandendothelialcellsProinflammatory;protectiveimmunityinlung;tightjunctionintegrity;promotesmobilizationofneutrophilsandcytokineproductionbyepithelialcells;promotesangiogenesis↓=susceptibilitytoextracellularpathogens↑=exacerbatesorgan-specificautoimmuneinflammationIL-17B,IL-17C,IL-17D,IL-17E(seeIL-25)Intestineandpancreas(17B);thymusandspleen(17C);Tcells,smoothmusclecells,epithelialcells(17D)IL-17FIL17RAorIL17RCTh17cellsMucosaltissues,epithelialandendothelialcellsSimilarfunctionasIL-17Abutwith2logslowerreceptoraffinityNotwelldefined.↑=increasesneutrophilrecruit-mentathighconcentration.IL-18IL18RandIL18-R-AcPMacrophages,othersTh1cells,NKcells,BcellsProinflammatory;inductionofIFNγ↓=impairsTh1responsesIL-19IL20R1andIL20R2Monocytes,othersKeratinocytes,othertissuesProinflammatory↑=psoriasisIL-20IL20R1orIL22R1andIL20R2Monocytes,othersKeratinocytes,othertissuesProinflammatory↑=psoriasisIL-21IL21RandIL2RγDifferentiatedThelpercells(Th2andTh17subsets)Tcells,Bcells,NKcells,dendriticcellsProliferationofTcells;promotesdifferentia-tionofBcellsandNKcytotoxicityIL-22IL22R1andIL10R2;IL22BPTh1andTh17cells,NKcellsFibroblasts,epithelialcellsInflammatory,antimicrobial↑=psoriasisIL-23(p19+p40)IL23RandIL12Rβ1MacrophagesanddendriticcellsTcellsInflammatory;promotesproliferationofTh17cells↓=susceptibilitytoextracellularpathogens.↑=exacerbatesorgan-specificautoimmuneinflammation.IL-24IL20R1,IL22R1,IL20R2,other.Intracellular?Monocytes,CD4+TcellsKeratinocytes↑=antitumoreffectsIL-25IL17RBTh2cells,mastcellsNon-B,non-T,cKit+,FcεR−cellsPromotesTh2differentiationandproliferation↓=impairsTh2responsestoextracellularpathoge...
