第43卷第4期2023年8月江西冶金JiangxiMetallurgyVol.43,No.4Aug.2023电炉粉尘含碳球团熔态还原特性及其机理都日苏拉，王哲，郭占成（北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室，北京100083）摘要：炼钢过程中产生的电炉粉尘属于有害固体废弃物，同时含有较多的铁、锌等有价元素。目前，钢厂处理电炉粉尘普遍存在脱锌率低、二次粉尘利用率不高等问题。对电炉粉尘含碳球团进行熔融还原实验，主要考察了熔炼温度，熔炼时间和熔渣成分对锌脱除率和渣金分离效果的影响。结果表明，提高熔炼温度、延长熔炼时间均有利于熔融过程中的锌的挥发和铁液滴的凝聚，从而促进渣金分离；熔渣碱度在1.2～1.8时，脱锌率变化趋势平稳，对渣金分离效果影响较小。根据实验结果确定了较优工艺参数：还原温度1550℃、碳氧比（C/O，摩尔比）为1.0、还原时间10～20min、熔渣碱度1.2，该条件下脱锌率可达99.9%以上，渣金两相分离完全。关键词：电炉粉尘；熔态还原；锌脱除率；渣金分离中图分类号：TF09文献标志码：AMeltingstatereductioncharacteristicsandmechanismofcarbon-containingpelletsfromelectricfurnacedustDurisula，WANGZhe，GUOZhancheng（StateKeyLaboratoryofAdvancedMetallurgy，UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing，Beijing100083，China）Abstract:Electricfurnacedustfromironandsteelplantsisakindofharmfulsolidwasteandanimportantresourceforobtainingironandzincaswell.Atpresent，therestillexistsomeproblemsinthetreatingprocessofelectricfurnacedustinsteelplants，suchasthelowdezincificationratioofzincandinsufficientutilizationofsecondarydust.Inthispaper，smeltingreductiontechnologywasusedtosmeltcarbon-containingpelletsofelectricfurnacedust.Theroleofsmeltingtemperature，smeltingtimeandslagcompositiononthedezincificationratioandslag-metalseparationwasinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatincreasingsmeltingtemperatureandtimeisbeneficialtothevolatilizationofzincandthecondensationofirondropletsduringthemeltingprocess，thuspromotingtheseparationofslagandmetal.Thedezincificationratioisstablewhentheslagalkalinityis1.2to1.8，whichhaslittleinfluenceontheseparationeffectofslagandmetal.Theresultsalsoshowthattheoptimumprocessparameterswerereductiontemperatureof1550℃，theratioofcarbont...
