园艺与种苗，Horticulture&Seed2023,43(09)：84-87EffectsofSowingDateonGrowthStatus,PhotosyntheticRateandYieldFactorsofSummerMaize播期对夏玉米生长状况、光合速率及产量要素的影响doi:10.16530/j.cnki.cn21-1574/s.2023.09.031陈道培（鹤壁市气象局，河南鹤壁458030）摘要：[目的]研究不同播期对夏玉米生育期、高度、茎粗、叶面积指数与光合速率、干物质积累、产量要素的影响。[方法]于2019年开展为期1年的分播期试验，供试玉米品种为郑单958。采用裂区试验，设4个播期处理，分别在5月31日（B1）6月10日（B2）、6月20日（B3）6月30日（B4）播种。每处理设4个重复。[结果]晚播处理前期发育期进程加快，后期发育期天数差异不明显，最终造成随着播期的推迟，发育期天数逐渐缩短并且B4处理在灌浆后期日均温度低于灌浆所需温度而停止灌浆，导致玉米无法完全成熟；随着播期推迟不仅增加了倒伏的风险和乳熟期光合速率逐渐降低，同时加上随着播期推迟果穗变短变细，从而影响干物重积累，最终导致产量降低。【结论]考虑鹤壁地区常年小麦收获期在6月2一10日，在6月2一15日播种对玉米产量的提高将更有利。关键词：夏玉米；播期；生长发育；产量中图分类号：S513CHENDao-pei(HebiMeteorologicalBureau,Hebi,Henan458030)Abstract[Objective]Theaimwastostudytheeffectsofdifferentsowingdatesongrowthperiod,heightstemdiameter,leafareaindex,photosyntheticrate,drymatteraccumulationandyieldfactorsofsummermaize.[Method]In2019,aone-yearsplitsowingdatetestwascarriedoutwithZhengdan958asthetestedmaizevariety.Thetestadoptedasplit-plottestwithfoursowingdatetreatments,whichweresownonMay31(B1),June10(B2),June20(B3)andJune30(B4).Eachtreatmenthad4replicates.[Result)Theprocessofearlydevelopmentstageoflatesowingtreatmentwasaccelerated,andthedifferenceofdaysinlatedevelopmentstagewasnotobvious.Finally,withthedelayofsowingdate,thedaysofdevelopmentstageweregraduallyshortened,andthedailyaveragetemperatureofB4treatmentinthelatefllingstagewaslowerthanthetemperaturerequiredforfilling,resultinginthefailureofmaizetofullymature.Withthedelayofsowingdate,notonlytheriskoflodgingandthegradualdecreaseofphotosyntheticrateatmilkripeningstagewereincreased,butalsotheearbecameshorterandthinnerwiththedelayof...
