-113-北魏司马金龙墓出土釉陶俑的分析研究刘贵斌1贾延勤2唐慧娟2（1.云冈研究院2.大同市博物馆）摘要：为探究北魏司马金龙墓出土釉陶俑的材料特征、制作工艺，采用超景深三维显微系统、扫描电镜—能谱分析仪（SEM-EDS）对不同颜色釉陶俑残片的胎体、釉层、胎釉结合层及断面进行微观形貌分析、成分分析。结果表明，这批釉陶俑是低温铅釉陶，胎土富含铁，是以北方典型的易熔粘土作胎，胎、釉系一次性入窑在氧化气氛中烧造而成，釉面的颜色有以Fe为着色剂的红褐釉、黄褐釉、浅黄绿釉和以Cu为着色剂的绿釉，浅黄绿釉表面局部绿釉的出现与釉料不纯且含有一定量的Cu有关，在此基础上对北魏平城时期铅釉陶及复色釉陶制作技术的传承和发展做了探讨。关键词：司马金龙墓釉陶俑铅釉陶制作工艺复色釉陶Abstract:AimingtoexplorethematerialcharacteristicsandmanufacturingtechnologysoftheglazedpotteryfigurinesunearthedfromtheSimaJinlong’stomboftheNorthernWei,themicroscopicmorphologyandcompositionofthebody,glazelayer,tire-glazebondinglayerandcross-sectionoftheglazedpotteryfigurineswithdifferentcolorswereanalyzedbythree-dimensionalmicroscopicsystemwithsuperdepthoffieldandascanningelectronmicroscope-energydispersiveanalyzer(SEM-EDS).Theresultsshowthatthesepotteryfiguresarelow-temperaturelead-glazed,theclayconsistsofmoreiron,andthetypicalfusibleclayinnorthernChinaisusedastherawmaterialofitsbody.Thebodyandglazelayerwerefiredone-timeinkilnunderanoxidizingatmosphere.Theglazecolorsincludered-brownglaze,yellow-brownglaze,lightyellow-greenglazewithFeasthecolorantandgreenglazewithCuasthecolorant,theappearanceoflocalgreenglazeonthesurfaceoflightyellow-greenglazeisrelatedtotheimpurematerialofglazeandcontainingacertainamountofCu.TheinheritanceanddevelopmentofleadglazedpotteryandmulticolorglazedpotteryinPingchengperiodofNorthernWeiarediscussedbasedonthisconclusion.Keywords:SimaJinlong’sTomb,glazedpotteryfigurineLeadglazedpotteryManufacturingtechnologyMulti-colorglazedpottery釉陶在我国陶瓷发展史上占有很重要的地位，釉陶的产生和发展与人类的生产生活密切相关。北魏建国后，北方的手工业逐渐复苏，陶瓷业包括釉陶开始发展起来。大同在北魏时称平城，公元398年，拓跋...
