安徽省部分稻茬麦田看麦娘种群对常用ACCase类抑制剂的抗性现状及茎叶处理混用配方筛选.pdf

研究论文doi:10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2023.0027安徽省部分稻茬麦田看麦娘种群对常用 ACCase 类抑制剂的抗性现状及茎叶处理混用配方筛选许锦程1,王慧1,邢雨诚2,项晶1,边强3,毕亚玲*,2(1.安徽科技学院资源与环境学院，安徽凤阳233100；2.安徽科技学院农学院，安徽凤阳233100；3.南开大学化学学院，农药国家工程研究中心，天津300071)摘 要：为明确看麦娘对乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂类除草剂的抗性现状，在安徽省看麦娘发生严重的稻茬麦田共采集 30 个种群，采用整株生物测定法分别测定了其对精噁唑禾草灵、炔草酯和唑啉草酯 3 种 ACCase 类除草剂的抗性水平。另选择三甲苯草酮、啶磺草胺等7 种茎叶处理剂针对发现的高抗种群 AHCZ-2 进行了生物活性测定，同时将 5 种药剂与异丙隆混用开展了田间药效评价。结果显示：供试 30 个田间看麦娘种群中，26 个种群对精噁唑禾草灵表现为高水平抗性，占供试种群总数的 86.67%，GR50值(有效成分，下同)在 230.931755.54g/hm2之间，抗性指数(RI)达 12.5895.66；21 个种群对炔草酯表现为高水平抗性，占种群总数的 70.00%，GR50值在 147.181213.44g/hm2之间，RI 达 11.9398.36；19 个种群对唑啉草酯表现为高水平抗性，占种群总数的 63.33%，GR50值在 107.63614.18g/hm2之间，RI 达12.2169.69；此外，采自相同地区的看麦娘种群对 3 种 ACCase 类药剂的抗性程度较为一致。供试 7 种茎叶处理剂中，三甲苯草酮和绿麦隆对看麦娘高抗种群 AHCZ-2 的活性较高，GR90值分别为 468.74 和 1495.85g/hm2，其次为环吡异丙隆，GR90值为 1035.62g/hm2，而异丙隆、啶磺草胺、甲基二磺隆及氟唑磺隆的活性较低。田间筛选结果表明：推荐剂量高剂量(按有效成分计)的甲基二磺隆(15.75g/hm2)、啶磺草胺(15g/hm2)和绿麦隆(2250g/hm2)分别与有效成分 1500g/hm2的异丙隆混用，对看麦娘的防效最好，药后 150d，株防效在 91.18%94.05%之间，鲜重防效在 92.40%95.68%之间，增产率为 25.04%35.08%；其次为环吡异丙隆 937.5g/hm2的处理，鲜重防效为 90.78%，增产率为 22.78%。所得结果可为稻茬麦田抗性看麦娘的化学治理提供参考。关键词:看麦娘；乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶；精噁唑禾草灵；炔草酯；唑啉草酯；抗药性；防除效果中图分类号：S482.4；S481.4；TQ450.15文献标志码：AResistance status of Alopecurus aequalis to commonly used ACCaseinhibitors in some rice-wheat rotation areas of Anhui Province andscreening of mixed formula of post-emergence herbicides收稿日期：2022-12-06；录用日期：2023-04-06；网络首发日期：2023-04-11.Received:December6,2022;Accepted:April6,2023;Published online:April11,2023.URL:https:/doi.org/10.16801/j.issn.1008-7303.2023.0027http:/ 年度安徽省科技重大专项(202203a06020016)；安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项.Funding:SupportedbytheMajorScienceandTechnologyProgramofAnhuiProvince(No.202203a06020016)andtheSpecialFundforAnhuiAgricultureResearchSystem.第一作者(Firstauthor)：许锦程，.*通信作者(Correspondingauthor)：毕亚玲，byl-.Theauthorsdeclarethattheyhavenocompetinginterests.农药学学报2023,25(4):829-842http:/Chinese Journal of Pesticide ScienceE-mail:XUJincheng1,WANGHui1,XINGYucheng2,XIANGJing1,BIANQiang3,BIYaling*,2(1.College of Resource and Environment,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,Anhui Province,China;2.Collegeof Agriculture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,Anhui Province,China;3.National Pesticide EngineeringResearch Center(Tianjin),College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)Abstract:InordertoclarifytheresistancestatusofAlopecurus aequalistoacetyl-CoAcarboxylase(ACCase)-inhibitingherbicides,30populationsofA.aequaliswerecollectedfromrice-wheatrotationfieldsinAnhuiProvinceanddeterminedbywholeplantbioassayofresistancelevelstothreeACCaseherbicides,includingfenoxaprop-P-ethyl,clodinafop-propargylandpinoxaden.Sevenkindsofpost-emergenceherbicidessuchastralkoxydimandpyroxsulamwereselectedfortheboi-activitytesttohighlyresistantpopulationAHCZ-2.Fiveherbicidesmixedwithisoproturonwereemployedforthefieldefficacyevaluation.Theresultsshowedthatamong30testedpopulations,26populationswerehighlyresistanttofenoxaprop-P-ethyl,accountingfor86.67%ofthetotaltestedpopulations.TheGR50value(activeingredients,thesameasbelow)was230.93-1755.54g/hm2,andresistanceindex(RI)was12.58-95.66.Twenty-onepopulationswerehighlyresistanttoclodinafop-propargyl,accountingfor70%ofthetotaltestedpopulations.TheGR50valuewas147.18-1213.44g/hm2,andRIwas11.93-98.36.The19populationswerehighlyresistanttopyraclostrobin,accountingfor63.33%ofthetotaltested.TheGR50valuerangedfrom107.63to614.18g/hm2,andRIrangedfrom12.21to69.69.TheresistanceofA.aequalispopulationscollectedfromthesameareatothreekindsofACCasesinhibitorswassimilar.Amongthe7kindsofpost-emergenceherbicidestested,theactivitytohighlyresistantA.aequalispopulationAHCZ-2washigherintralkoxydimandchlortoluronwithGR90of468.74g/hm2and1495.85g/hm2,followedbycypyrafluone-isoproturonwiththeGR90of1035.62g/hm2.Theactivityofisoproturon,pyroxsulam,mesosulfuron-methylandflucarbazone-Nawaslow.Thefieldscreeningresultsshowedthatrecommendedhighdosemesosulfuron-methyl(15.75g/hm2),pyroxsulam(15g/hm2)andchlortoluron(2250g/hm2)mixedwithisoproturonat1500g/hm2hadthebestcontrolefficacyonA.aequalis.Theplantcontrolefficacywasbetween91.18%and94.05%,andthefreshweightcontrolefficacywasbetween92.40%and95.68%,theyieldincreasedby25.04%-35.08%.Cypyrafluone-isoproturonat937.5g/hm2wasthenextwith90.78%controlefficacyoffreshweightandyieldincreaseof22.78%.Theresultscanprovidereferenceforchemicalcontrolofrice-wheatfieldresistanceA.aequalis.Keywords:Alopecurus aequalis;acetyl-CoAcarboxylase;fenoxaprop-P-ethyl;clodinafop-propargyl;pinoxaden;resistance;controlefficacy小麦是我国三大主粮作物之一，在各地农业生产中均占据重要地位1，其中冬小麦产量占小麦总产量的 90.9%，占种植总面积的 87.4%，因此保障冬小麦生产安全对促进农业提质增效、农民持续增收等具有重要意义2-3。由于不同种植区域间气候特征不同，致使麦田杂草种类众多、群落结构繁杂4，加之受农业生产方式调整、农田耕作栽培制度变化及杂草的选择压增强等因素影响，麦田抗性杂草数量及抗药性程度持续上升等问题已成常态5。韩云静等6和黄红娟等7研究安徽及长江中下游地区麦田杂草群落后发现，看麦娘Alopecurus aequalis 发生呈逐年加重态势，危害面积及群落优势度持续增加，甚至在部分麦田已形成单一优势种群。因此，选择高效除草剂进行麦田看麦娘防治对提高农业生产效率、保障小麦高产稳产具有重要意义。看麦娘是禾本科看麦娘属杂草，分布范围广、越冬性强且再生分蘖数多，是冬小麦田及油菜田竞争力较强的一年生杂草之一8。其茎秆丛生、叶舌膜质，主要以种子繁殖且植株结实量大，种子成熟后散落面积广，极易通过机械进行传播造成作物减产9。迄今为止，施用化学除草剂830农药学学报Vol.25仍是生产实践中解决看麦娘危害的重要方式。其中乙酰辅酶