电气传动2023年第53卷第8期ELECTRICDRIVE2023Vol.53No.8摘要：光伏发电系统通常工作在最大功率跟踪模式，无法为电网提供惯性和频率支撑。虚拟同步发电机（VSG）控制可提供类似同步发电机的行为特性，但通常应用于储能或光储系统。以单级式光伏拓扑为对象，提出一种有功备用的光伏VSG控制策略。该策略源于光伏阵列P—V特性曲线和同步发电机功角特性曲线的相似性，光伏阵列电压直接响应电网频率变化，实现对直流电压控制的同时，提供类似同步发电机“自发”惯性响应。设计了一种基于短路电流估算的光伏最大功率估算方法。该方法无需额外传感器和复杂估计算法，与所提VSG控制策略融合，实现递推估算。不同场景下仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。关键词：虚拟同步发电机；有功备用；惯性响应；频率支撑；最大功率点估算中图分类号：TM712文献标识码：ADOI：10.19457/j.1001-2095.dqcd24193VirtualSynchronousGeneratorofSingle-stagePhotovoltaicPowerGenerationSystemwithActivePowerReserveforFrequencySupportJIADexiang1，ZHONGCheng2，LIUZhanjie1，ZHENGHouqing1，GUOYang3（1.StateGridEnergyResearchInstituteCo.，Ltd.，Beijing102209，China；2.CollegeofElectricalEngineering，NortheastElectricPowerUniversity，Jilin132012，Jilin，China；3.BeijingChina-powerInformationTechnologyCo.，Ltd.，Beijing100192，China）Abstract:Photovoltaic（PV）generationusuallyoperatesinmaximumpowerpointtracking（MPPT）mode，whichcannotprovideinertiaandfrequencysupportforthepowersystem.Virtualsynchronousgenerator（VSG）controlisanattractivecontrolmethodthatcanprovidethesimilarbehaviorofsynchronousgenerator（SG）.However，itiscommonlyappliedtotheenergystoragesystemorPVgeneratorswithenergystoragesystems.AnovelPV-VSGcontrolstrategybasedonactivepowerreserveforsingle-stagePVgenerationwasproposed.Theprincipleofthestrategycomesfromthesimilaritiesofthepower-anglecharacteristiccurveandthePVarrayP—Vcharacteristiccurve.PVarrayvoltageisdirectlyregulatedbasedonthegridfrequency，andrealizecontrolofDCvoltagewhileproviding"spontaneous"inertialresponsesimilartosynchronousgenerators.Inaddition，amaximumpowerestimationmethodbasedonreal-timeshort-circuitcurrentestimationwasdesigne...
