声学滑翔机联合的深海水下声源定位*吴禹沈1,2秦继兴1,2†李整林3吴双林1,2王梦圆1顾怡鸣1(1中国科学院声学研究所声场声信息国家重点实验室北京100190)(2中国科学院大学物理学院北京100190)(3中山大学海洋工程与技术学院珠海519000)2022年4月7日收到2022年8月2日定稿摘要为了验证多台滑翔机用于声源位置估计的可行性,提出了一种基于声学滑翔机的联合水下声源定位方法。首先利用水下滑翔机在东印度洋北部海域获取的声传播数据,分析了宽带脉冲信号的多途传播特性,然后提出了利用单水听器基于脉冲波形结构匹配的声源距离估计方法,在此基础上通过两台水下声学滑翔机联合定位的方式,实现了水下声源距离和方位的同步估计。结果表明:在印度洋深海非完全声道条件下,在100km范围内,使用单台滑翔机估计的声源距离整体较为准确,但仍有估计误差较大点;联合两台滑翔机进行水下声源定位可进一步提高精度,对于200m深度的声源,距离估计均方根误差为2.5km,相对误差小于4%,方位估计均方根误差为2.4°。关键词深海,水下滑翔机,传播损失,波形匹配,声源定位PACS数43.30,43.60SourcelocalizationbasedontwounderwateracousticglidersindeepwaterWUYushen1,2QINJixing1,2†LIZhenglin3WUShuanglin1,2WANGMengyuan1GUYiming1(1StateKeyLaboratoryofAcoustics,InstituteofAcoustics,ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100190)(2CollegeofPhysicalScience,UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100190)(3SchoolofOceanEngineeringandTechnology,SunYat-senUniversityZhuhai519000)ReceivedApr.7,2022RevisedAug.2,2022AbstractAjointunderwateracousticlocalizationmethodbasedonacousticgliderisproposedtoverifythefeasibilityofmultipleglidersforrangeandorientationestimationofunderwatersources.UsingthehydrologicandacousticdataacquiredbyglidersintheeasternIndianOcean,thebroadbandpulsemultiple-pathpropagationcharacteristicalongthedistanceisanalyzed.Arangeestimationmethodforsoundsourcesbasedonpulsewaveformmatchingusingasinglehydrophoneisproposed.Forasourcewithanunknownlocation,thestructureofthepulsewaveformcanbeobtainedfromtheexperiment.Accordingtotheenvironmentalinformationacquired,thecopyfieldforthestructureofpulsewaveformatthedifferentrangesisnumericallycalculated.Aftertheprocessofcorrelatingtheexperimentalandsim...
