第14卷第4期2023年2月黑龙江科学HEILONGJIANGSCIENCEVol.14Feb.2023旋转垫圈在钢棒上的运动及稳定性分析杨成晓1,杨澔正2,杨成燕3,刘慧1(1.合肥学院先进制造工程学院,合肥230601;2.内蒙古大学物理科学与技术学院,呼和浩特010021;3.西安工程大学纺织科学与工程学院,西安710048)摘要:为探究施加以初始旋转的垫圈在钢棒上的运动状态及各因素对垫圈稳定进动角速度的影响,以2022年全国大学生物理学术竞赛(CUPT)“棒上环”为基础,对钢棒上垫圈的运动状态进行分析,结合角动量定理及牛顿经典力学定律,得到单点悬浮旋转的边界条件,利用拉格朗日方程,分析了垫圈章动的原因并对单点旋转滑动阶段给出推导分析,根据欧拉方程式得到垫圈双点稳定旋转阶段进动角速度的表达式,进行改变垫圈内外半径、钢棒半径等多种实验,用Origin软件对实验数据进行拟合分析,探究各因素对垫圈稳定进动角速度的影响。关键词:棒上环;初始旋转;运动状态;稳定进动角速度中图分类号:O311.2文献标志码:B文章编号:1674-8646(2023)04-0045-03MotionandStabilityAnalysisofRotaryWasheronSteelBarYangChengxiao1,YangHaozheng2,YangChengyan3,LiuHui1(1.CollegeofAdvancedManufacturingEngineering,HefeiUniversity,Hefei230601,China;2.SchoolofPhysicalScienceandTechnology,InnerMongoliaUniversity,Hohhot010021,China;3.SchoolofTextileScienceandEngineering,Xi’anPolytechnicUniversity,Xi’an710048,China)Abstract:Inordertoexplorethemotionstateoftheinitiallyrotatingwasheronasteelbarandtheinfluenceofallfactorsonwasherstabilizingtheprecessionangularvelocity,thestudyanalyzesthemotionstateofwashersonsteelrodsbasedon2022ChinaUndergraduatePhysicsTournament(CUPT)“upperbarring”,obtainsboundaryconditionsforasinglepointsuspensionrotationthroughcombiningwithAngularmomentumtheoremandNewton’slawsofclassicalmechanics,obtainsboundaryconditionsofsinglepointsuspensionrotation,analyzesthecausesofgasketandnutation,andprovidesderivationanalysisofsinglerotationslidingstagebasedonlagrangeequation.AccordingtoEuler’sequation,theexpressionoftheprecessionangularvelocityofthegasketinthephaseofsteadyrotationwithtwopointsisobtained.Variousexperimentsaredone,suchaschangingtheinsideandoutsideradi...