2023.6Vol.47No.6研究与设计收稿日期:2022-11-19基金项目:国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(DG71-18-021)作者简介:王绥军(1983—),男,山东省人,博士,主要研究方向为电化学储能技术。三元电池和钛酸锂电池性能失效研究王绥军,孙召琴,于冉,胡晨,金翼(中国电力科学研究院有限公司新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室,北京100192)摘要:锂离子电池寿命和安全已引起广泛关注。以25Ah三元锂离子电池(NCM/C)和4.5Ah钛酸锂电池(NCM/LTO)为样品,对比分析了这两种正极相似负极不同的电池在高温和低温工况下电池全寿命周期内性能衰退规律。拆解了新电池和循环后的电池,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)对电池负极的形貌和界面进行对比;利用气相色谱(GC)分析了电池产气的组分和含量;采用C80微量量热仪对电池负极热学性能进行研究。结果表明,锂离子电池负极界面发生电解液分解的产气副反应是导致电池寿命快速衰退的重要原因;负极表面发生析锂是电池安全性能降低的主要因素。关键词:锂离子电池;失效分析;界面反应;失效机制;全寿命周期中图分类号:TM912.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-087X(2023)06-0729-05DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2023.06.009StudyonperformancefailureofternarybatteryandlithiumtitanatebatteryWANGSuijun,SUNZhaoqin,YURan,HUChen,JINYi(LaboratoryofOperationandControlofRenewableEnergy&StorageSystems,ChinaElectricPowerResearchInstitute,Beijing100192,China)Abstract:Thelifeandsafetyoflithiumionbatteryhaveattractedextensiveattention.Taking25Ahternarylithiumionbattery(NCM/C)and4.5Ahlithiumtitanatebattery(NCM/LTO)assamples,theperformancedegradationinthewholelifecyclingofthebatterysampleswiththesametypeofcathodeanddifferenttypeofanodewasstudiedunderhighandlowtemperature.Afterdisassemblingthenewbatteryandthebatteryaftercycling,themorphologyandinterfaceoftheanodewerecomparedandanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)andtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM).Thecompositionandcontentofthegaswereanalyzedbygaschromatography(GC).C80microcalorimeterwasusedtostudythethermalpropertiesoftheanode.Theresultsshowthatthesidereactionsofelectrolytedecompositionandgassingcatalyzedbytransitionmetalelementsattheanodeinterfaceareimportantreasonsfortherapid...