儿童贫血(全英文).pptxVIP免费

Anemiainchildhood(小儿贫血)第一页，共九十四页。第二页，共九十四页。Diseaseofhematopoieticsysteminfantileanemia〔1〕nutritionalirondeficiencyanemia(IDA)〔2〕nutritionalmegaloblasticanemiaPrimary/immunitythrombocytopeniaPurpura(ITP)Leukemia第三页，共九十四页。haematogenesisofchildrenhematopoiesis--producedbloodextramedullarybeforebirthandpostnatalmesoblasthepaticmedullary3-15w6w-6ms3ms第四页，共九十四页。EmbryostageMesoblastichaematogenesis：3wsbegin，8wsweaken,12-15wsdisappears。liver：8wsbegin，6monthsgraduallyweaken,erythroblast、granularcellandmegakaryocyte.第五页，共九十四页。Embryostage3、spleen：12wsbeginerythrocyte,granule,lymphocyte4、Haematogenesisoflymphaticorgan1.thoracicgland:8ws2.lymphaticnodes:11ws第六页，共九十四页。Embryostage5、myelo-haematopoiesis：6monsHaematogenesisfunctionemphasis，makevariouskindsofbloodcells，uniquehematogenicorganafterbirth.第七页，共九十四页。第八页，共九十四页。Haematopoiesispostnatal1、marrow：2、extramedullary：whenrequirementofhaemopoiesisincrease，liver、spleen、lymphadenectasis，hepatomegalyandsplenomegaly,incirculatingbloodimmatureerythrocytesandgranulocytes.第九页，共九十四页。PhysiologicalhaemolysisNormalnewbornshavehigherhemoglobin(HB)andhematocritlevelsandashortenedsurvivalperiodofthefetalRBCscontributestothedevelopmentofphysiologicanemia.第十页，共九十四页。Physiologicalhaemolysiserythropoiesisabruptlyceaseswithonsetofrespirationatbirth,whenthearterialoxygensaturationrisestoward95%.levelsoferythropoietin(EPO)arelow.EPOhasadecreasedhalf-lifeandanincreasedvolumeofdistributioninnewborns.AshortenedsurvivalofthefetalRBCalsocontributestothedevelopmentofphysiologicanemia.thesizableexpansionofbloodvolumethataccompaniesrapidweightgainduringthefirst3mooflifeaddstotheneedforincreasedRBCproduction.第十一页，共九十四页。bloodcharacteristics–agesredbloodcells(RBC)andHbPhysiologicalhaemolysisandanemiawritebloodcells(WBC)andclassification4-6crossPlatelets150-250×109/Lbloodvolume8-10%第十二页，共九十四...