LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家生命(shēngmìng)体征哈工大生命科学吴琼第一页,共九十七页。第一页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家生命体征(vitalsigns)是体温(T)、脉搏(P)、呼吸(R)和血压(BP)的总称。是机体内在活动的一种客观反映,是衡量机体身心状况的可靠(kěkào)指标。22第二页,共九十七页。第二页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家一、体温(tǐwēn)•体温(bodytemperature)也称体核温度指身体内部胸腔、腹腔和中枢神经的温度。皮肤温度也称体表(tǐbiǎo)温度(shelltemperature),受环境温度和衣着情况的影响且低于体核温度。33第三页,共九十七页。第三页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家正常体温的生理变化(一)体温的形成由三大营养物质糖、脂肪(zhīfáng)、蛋白质氧化分解而产生。44第四页,共九十七页。第四页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家(二)产热与散热1、产热过程产热过程是细胞新陈代谢(xīnchéndàixiè)的过程。安静时—内脏(肝脏)运动或活动时—骨骼肌产生热量的主要因素有:食物氧化、骨骼运动、交感神经兴奋、甲状腺素分泌增多、体温升高等。55第五页,共九十七页。第五页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiology规格严格功夫到家规格严格功夫到家2、散热过程人体以物理方式散热。最主要的散热器官是皮肤(pífū)呼吸、排尿、排粪也散发部分热量。66第六页,共九十七页。第六页,共九十七页。LaboratoryofdevelopmentalbiologyLaboratory...